超高矿化度AM/AMPS共聚物压裂液与交联过程流变学  

Rheology on AM/AMPS co-polymer fracturing fluids with ultra-high salinity and their crosslinking processes

作　　者：田珍瑞 方波[1] 辛慧 卢拥军[2] 许可[2] TIAN Zhen-rui;FANG Bo;XIN Hui;LU Yong-jun;XU Ke(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering,Lab of Chemical Engineering Rheology,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;China Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市多相结构材料化学工程重点实验室、华东理工大学化工学院流变学研究室,上海200237 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《应用化工》2024年第5期1086-1092,共7页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题(2017ZX05023003);中石油科技管理部项目(2020B-4120)。

摘　　要：对不同矿化度、不同盐溶液中AM/AMPS压裂液流变性能及其在超高矿化度时的交联凝胶状态与流变学性质以及交联过程进行了研究。结果表明,AM/AMPS压裂液KCl与CaCl_(2)溶液中黏度与弹性模量下降,且CaCl_(2)的影响更显著;而超高矿化度镁盐溶液对压裂液黏度与黏弹性有增强作用。在超高矿化度的不同盐溶液中,AM/AMPS均可以与有机锆交联剂形成能完全挑挂凝胶,应变扫描结果证明,交联后压裂液表现出典型的凝胶特征。AM/AMPS压裂液在高矿化度盐溶液以及水溶液中的30℃恒温小振幅振荡交联过程可用四参数交联流变动力学方程描述,金属盐离子可以提高凝胶强度,且二价盐的提高更为显著。AM/AMPS压裂液升温小振幅振荡交联过程存在缓速交联与快速交联两个阶段,适当升温有利于交联反应。AM/AMPS压裂液在自来水与一价盐溶液中升温大振幅振荡交联过程与升温小振幅振荡交联过程相似;在二价盐溶液中交联过程受剪切影响较大,适当提高剪切,有利于AM/AMPS压裂液在盐溶液中交联。研究获得了超高矿化度AM/AMPS压裂液新体系,有望为AM/AMPS压裂液工程应用提供指导。The rheological properties of AM/AMPS fracturing fluids in different mineralization levels and salt solutions and their crosslinked gel state and rheological properties as well as crosslinking process at ultra-high mineralization levels were investigated.The results show that the viscosity and elastic modulus of AM/AMPS fracturing fluids decreased in KCl and CaCl_(2)solutions,and decreased more in CaCl_(2)solution.The ultra-high mineralization magnesium salt solution has enhanced the viscosity and viscoelasticity of fracturing fluid.AM/AMPS fracturing fluids can form gels with organic zirconium crosslinkers that can be fully picked up in different salt solutions and above salinity,and the strain scan results demonstrate that the fracturing fluid exhibits typical gel characteristics after crosslinking.The cross-linking process of AM/AMPS fracturing fluids in highly mineralized salt solution as well as in aqueous solution at a constant temperature of 30℃with small amplitude oscillations can be described by a four-parameter crosslinking rheological kinetic equation,and metal salt ions can increase the gel strength,and the increase is more significant for divalent salts.The crosslinking process of AM/AMPS fracturing fluid with temperature rise in small amplitude oscillation exists in two stages of slow crosslinking and fast crosslinking,and appropriate temperature increase is beneficial to the crosslinking reaction.The crosslinking process of AM/AMPS fracturing fluid in tap water and monovalent salt solution with large amplitude oscillation at elevated temperature was similar to that of small amplitude oscillation at elevated temperature,the crosslinking process in divalent salt solutions is strongly influenced by shear,and appropriate increase in shear is beneficial to the crosslinking of AM/AMPS fracturing fluid in the salt solution.The study obtained new system of ultra-high salinity AM/AMPS fracturing fluid,which is expected to provide guidance for the engineering application of AM/AMPS fracturing fluid.

关 键 词：AM/AMPS共聚物压裂液 超高矿化度 流变性 交联流变动力学 大振幅振荡剪切 

分 类 号：TQ317.5[化学工程—高聚物工业] TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]