船用立式离心泵流噪声特性分析  

Analysis of Flow Noise Characteristics of Marine Vertical Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：王文博 向阳[1,2] 李著新 WANG Wenbo;XIANG Yang;LI Zhuxin(Wuhan University of Technology,Key Laboratory of High Performance Ship Technology,Ministry of Education;Wuhan University of Technology,School of Shipbuilding and Energy Power Engineering,Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学高性能舰船技术教育部重点实验室,武汉430063 [2]武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院,武汉430063

出　　处：《船舶工程》2024年第3期22-30,共9页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52241102);工业和信息部高技术船舶项目(MC-201917-C09)。

摘　　要：为了降低舰船在航行时的噪声,对船用立式离心泵内部流动噪声的特性进行研究。基于计算流体动力学(CFD)数值仿真方法计算某型立式离心泵的非定常流场,分析其在不同位置处的脉动压力特性,并通过试验验证流场计算结果的准确性。提取在3种工况下通过非定常流场计算得到的叶片旋转偶极子和蜗壳固定偶极子声源信息,在LMS Virtual lab中进行内部流动噪声计算,并分析其流动噪声特性。研究结果表明:叶轮出口不均匀的射流-尾迹结构和叶轮与隔舌的动静干涉作用是立式离心泵叶轮部位和蜗壳部位产生脉动压力的主要诱因;内场噪声与脉动压力直接相关,噪声频率特性与脉动压力频率特性一致,主要峰值频率集中在叶频和倍频处;固定偶极子声源和旋转偶极子声源均对立式离心泵内场流动噪声有很大贡献,与旋转偶极子声源相比,固定偶极子声源对进出口噪声的影响更大。研究成果可供船用立式离心泵减振降噪和低噪声设计参考。In order to reduce the noise of ships during navigation,the characteristics of internal flow noise of vertical centrifugal pumps for ships are studied.A computational fluid dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation method is used to calculate the unsteady flow field of a certain type of vertical centrifugal pump.The pulsating pressure characteristics at different positions is analyzed,and the accuracy of the flow field calculation results is verified through experimental means.Three different working conditions is used to extract the blade rotating dipole and volute fixed dipole acoustic source information obtained from the unsteady flow field calculation,and the internal flow noise is calculated and analyzed using LMS Virtual Lab.The research shows that the non-uniform jet-wake structure at the outlet of the impeller and the dynamic and static interference between the impeller and the diffuser are the main causes of the pulsating pressure in the impeller and volute of the vertical centrifugal pump.The internal noise is directly related to the pulsating pressure,and the frequency characteristics of the noise are consistent with the frequency characteristics of the pulsating pressure,mainly concentrated at the axial frequency,blade frequency,and harmonic frequencies.Both fixed dipole sound sources and rotating dipole sound sources make significant contributions to the flow noise in the vertical centrifugal pump.Compared with the rotating dipole sound source,the fixed dipole sound source has a relatively greater impact on the inlet and outlet noise.The research results can provide a reference for the anti-vibration and low-noise design of vertical centrifugal pumps used on ships.

关 键 词：船用立式离心泵 脉动压力 偶极子声源 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U664.5[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] TH311[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]