高原盆地区域地下水无机物污染、源解析及健康风险评价  

Inorganic Pollution,Source Analysis,and Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater in Plateau Basin Regions

作　　者：黄勇 胡稳 朱世超 程冠全 梁菊 HUANG Yong;HU Wen;ZHU Shichao;CHENG Guanquan;LIANG Ju(Zhongke Oasis(Beijing)Ecological Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100096,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100085,China;School of Mining and Geomatics Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China)

机构地区：[1]中科绿洲(北京)生态工程技术有限公司,北京100096 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]河北工程大学矿业与测绘工程学院,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第6期1389-1400,共12页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：晋城市“十四五”土壤及地下水精细化管控项目(No.2021061)。

摘　　要：全球地下水资源形势不容乐观,而地下水的组分中主要是无机物,分析地下水无机物来源及健康评价可为地下水污染防治提供有力依据。因此选取高原盆地晋城市为研究对象,采集115组样点进行无机组分测定,采用单因子和内梅罗指数评价法及IBM SPSS进行相关性分析、源解析以评价地下水环境质量,并基于US EPA健康风险评估模型计算无机物毒理学指标和重金属指标对人体的健康风险。结果表明:①地下水TDS、TH(总硬度)、F^(−)、Cl^(−)、SO_(4)^(2−)、C_(6)H_(5)OH、COD、NO_(3)^(−)-N、NO_(2)^(−)-N、LAS(阴离子表面活性剂)、I^(−)、NH_(4)^(+)-N、As、Hg、Se、Fe、Mn、Na、Cr均存在不同程度超标现象。②TH、TDS、NO_(3)^(−)-N、SO_(4)^(2−)是地下水污染的主要贡献者,研究区污染空间分布较均,主要集中在中部平原区及东北部山地区域,受大气降水及山基岩侧向补给、人工开采径流等造成污染迁移的因素影响。③工农业和地质背景组成的混合源、煤矿开采源、工业源、煤化工冶炼源和工业活动源是地下水污染的主要来源,其中工农业和地质背景组成的混合源贡献率最高。④研究区饮用地下水是主要暴露途径,且F−、As、NO_(3)^(−)-N、Hg、CN−、NO_(2)^(−)-N、Cr的非致癌风险不可接受,而As、Cr是引起致癌风险的主要因子;对于成人而言,在饮用途径方面暴露风险略低于儿童,在皮肤接触途径方面暴露风险要高于儿童。研究显示,晋城市地下水水质相对较差,主要分布在中部和东北部区域,为保障地下水环境和人体健康,应优先控制工农业活动排放量,重点关注饮用途径。The situation of global groundwater resources is not optimistic,and the main components of groundwater are inorganic substances.Analyzing the sources of inorganic groundwater pollutants and conducting health assessments can provide strong basis for groundwater pollution prevention and control.Therefore,we selected Jincheng City in the plateau basin as the research area and collected 115 sampling points for inorganic component determination.The environmental quality of groundwater was evaluated using single-factor and Nemerow index evaluation methods,as well as using IBM SPSS for correlation analysis and source identification.The US EPA health risk assessment model was applied to calculate the health risks of toxicological and heavy metal indicators to human body.The results indicate that:(1)Groundwater parameters TDS,TH(total hardness),F^(−),Cl^(−),SO_(4)^(2−),C6H5OH,COD,NO_(3)^(−)-N,NO_(2)^(−)-N,LAS(anionic surfactants),I−,NH4+-N,As,Hg,Se,Fe,Mn,Na and Cr all showed varying degrees of exceeding the standards.(2)TH,TDS,NO_(3)^(−)-N and SO_(4)^(2−)were the main factors causing groundwater pollution.The spatial distribution of pollution in the study area was relatively uniform,mainly concentrated in the central plains and northeastern mountainous areas.The Pollution migration due to atmospheric precipitation and lateral recharge from mountain bedrock,artisanal mining runoff.(3)Mixed sources such as industrial and agricultural activities,geological background,coal mining,industrial sources,and coal chemical smelting were the main sources of groundwater pollution.Among them,the mixed sources of industrial,agricultural activities and geological background had the highest contribution rate.(4)Drinking groundwater is the primary exposure route,and non-carcinogenic risks for F^(−),As,NO_(3)^(−)-N,Hg,CN^(−),NO_(2)^(−)-N and Cr are considered unacceptable.As and Cr are the main factors contributing to carcinogenic risks.For adults,the risk of exposure through drinking pathways is slightly lower than

关 键 词：高原盆地 地下水 无机物 污染源解析 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]