复式楔形掏槽在大断面隧道掘进中的应用研究  

Research on Application of Compound Wedge Cut in Large Section Tunnel Excavation

作　　者：钱至桥 赵明生[1,3] 池恩安 王振毅[2] 崔未伟 吴永祥 QIAN Zhi-qiao;ZHAO Ming-sheng;CHI En-an;WANG Zhen-yi;CUI Wei-wei;WU Yong-xiang(School of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Zhejiang Gaoneng Blasting Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310012,China;Baoli Jiulian Holdings Group Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550001,China;Baoli Teneng Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550001,China;Wengfu(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵阳550025 [2]浙江省高能爆破工程有限公司,杭州310012 [3]保利久联控股集团有限责任公司,贵阳550001 [4]保利特能工程有限公司,贵阳550001 [5]瓮福(集团)有限责任公司,贵阳550002

出　　处：《爆破》2024年第2期86-95,共10页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52064003)。

摘　　要：掏槽孔爆破效果对整个断面的爆破质量有着重要影响,为解决大断面隧道掘进困难,炮孔利用率低的问题,采用基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的流固耦合算法对比研究单楔形掏槽与复式楔形掏槽的内部有效应力与损伤破坏范围,与现场实际爆破效果印证解释了复式楔形掏槽爆破效果优于单楔形掏槽的原因。研究结果表明:单楔形掏槽应力峰值出现在孔底处,随孔底至堵塞段应力峰值缓慢降低,堵塞段到掌子面应力峰值骤降。复式楔形掏槽应力峰值则出现在一级掏槽孔底位置,且其数值大小高于单楔形掏槽应力峰值。选取两种掏槽模型的损伤区域截面发现,两者的破碎面积接近,但单楔形掏槽模型的堵塞段至掌子面区域的岩石未能破碎贯通,复式楔形掏槽模型整个槽腔完全贯通。根据数值模拟结果改进了某公路隧道爆破方案并进行了现场试验,复式楔形掏槽能更好地解决大断面隧道爆破炮孔利用率低以及爆后大块多的问题。研究结果可为相关隧道掏槽孔布设方案提供选择和参考。The blasting effect of cut holes has a significant impact on the overall quality of blasting in large section tunnels.To address the challenges associated with difficult excavation and low utilization rate of blast holes,this study employs a fluid structure coupling algorithm based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA to compare and analyze the internal effective force and damage range between single wedge cut blasting and compound wedge cut blasting.The research findings confirm that compound wedge cut blasting yields better results compared to single wedge cut blasting,providing an explanation for this improved performance.The results indicate that in single wedge cutting,peak stress occurs at the bottom of the hole,gradually decreasing from the bottom to the stemming section before dropping sharply from the stemming section to the palm surface.In contrast,double wedge cutting exhibits higher peak stress values at the bottom of the first level cutting hole compared to single wedge cutting.The damage area cross-sections are found to be similar for both types of cutting models.However,in single wedge cutting models,rock from the blockage section to the palm face area remains unbroken and disconnected.Conversely,in compound wedge cutting models,there is complete connectivity throughout the entire groove cavity.Based on these numerical simulation results,an improved blasting scheme was implemented for a specific highway tunnel project.On-site experiments were conducted accordingly.Compound wedge cuts proved more effective in addressing issues such as low utilization rate of blast holes in large section tunnels and multiple large blocks after blasting.

关 键 词：隧道掘进 复式掏槽 爆破参数 数值模拟 峰值应力 

分 类 号：X947[环境科学与工程—安全科学]