基于Aegis的无底柱分段崩落法中深孔爆破过程模拟与应用  

Simulation and Application of Medium-length Hole Blasting with Non-pillar Sublevel Caving Method based on Aegis

作　　者：朱国军 徐帅[1] 钟裔禄 杨博 ZHU Guo-jun;XU Shuai;ZHONG Yi-lu;YANG Bo(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Mining Branch,Nanjing Meishan Metallurgy Development Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210039,China;Beijing Tianhe Daoyun Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学深部金属矿山安全开采教育部重点实验室,沈阳110819 [2]南京梅山冶金发展有限公司矿业分公司,南京210039 [3]天河道云(北京)科技有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《爆破》2024年第2期96-103,共8页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:52074602)。

摘　　要：无底柱分段崩落法因其回采效率高、结构简单、安全性高等优势被广泛应用于地下金属矿开采,其落矿方式常采用中深孔爆破。针对传统无底柱分段崩落法中深孔爆破设计过程繁琐、模拟效果不够直观等问题,开展了基于爆破设计与分析软件Aegis的中深孔爆破过程模拟与应用研究。首先介绍了该软件的模块构成和功能,并梳理和总结了模拟分析流程;其次研究了利用模型边界限制爆破空间以及利用爆炸能量的交错状态校验孔网参数的两项关键技术;最后基于该软件对某地下矿山无底柱分段崩落法中深孔爆破进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明:单排炮孔内爆炸能量集中且充盈了整个爆腔,连续耦合的装药结构以及0.3 kg/t的炸药单耗设计较为合理;临排炮孔间爆腔壁呈相切的状态,可能存在排间能量不足以完全破碎岩体的情况,2.2 m的炮孔排距稍大;预测的多条进路爆破块度质量分布结果均出现大块占比偏高的情况,与现场的工程实践结果一致,并以其中一次爆破后的爆堆照片为例进行说明,其大块率达到了18.03%。结合Aegis软件的模拟结果,分析炮孔排距偏大可能是导致大块率偏高的主要原因。此外还对实验分段的6个开采进路进行了12次爆破试验并加以模拟验证,得到了基本一致的爆破块度质量占比结果,有效佐证了该软件的现场应用效能。The non-pillar sublevel caving method is extensively employed in underground metal deposits due to its advantages of high mining efficiency,simple structure,and enhanced safety.In order to address the issues associated with the laborious design process and insufficiently intuitive simulation effect of medium-length hole blasting using traditional pillarless sublevel caving methods,this study conducted a simulation and application research on the medium deep hole blasting process based on the Aegis blasting design and analysis software.Firstly,this paper introduces the module composition and functions of the software while summarizing the simulation analysis process.Secondly,two key technologies were investigated:utilizing model boundaries to confine the blasting space and employing staggered states of blasting energy to verify borehole network parameters.Finally,numerical simulations were performed on medium-length hole blasting in a specific underground mine with non-pillar sublevel caving method using this software.The research findings suggest that the explosion energy in a single row of blast holes is concentrated and fills the entire explosion chamber.The design of continuously coupled charging structure and a powder factor of 0.3 kg/t is deemed reasonable in this context.It appears that there exists a tangential state for the blasting cavity walls between adjacent blast holes,indicating that the energy between rows may not be sufficient to completely break the rock mass.The distance between blast holes,which is approximately 2.2 m,seems slightly larger.Multiple routes were analyzed to predict the distribution of blasting fragmentation masses,all showing a high proportion of large blocks,consistent with field engineering practice results.For instance,based on photos taken after one blasting event,it was observed that large blocks accounted for 18.03%of the total pile volume.Simulation results from Aegis software analysis indicate that the large spacing between blast holes may be a primary factor contributing

关 键 词：无底柱分段崩落法 中深孔爆破 AEGIS 能量分布 爆破块度 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]