新型冠状病毒感染确诊病例与无症状感染者病毒载量分析  

Viral load analysis of confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections of COVID-19

作　　者：孙敏 马建 陈大伟 蔡蓉[1] 王玮明 何芳 杨鹏飞[1] SUN Min;MA Jian;CHEN Dawei;CAI Rong;WANG Weiming;HE Fang;YANG Pengfei(Huai′an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huai′an,Jiangsu 223001,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]淮安市疾病预防控制中心,江苏淮安223001 [2]淮阴师范学院

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第4期322-326,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(1217011789);淮安市自然科学研究计划——市自然科学研究计划类(HAB202048);淮安市创新服务能力建设计划——重点实验室建设(淮安市突发公共卫生事件应急检测重点实验室HAP201906)。

摘　　要：目的评估新型冠状病毒感染确诊病例与无症状感染者的病毒载量差异,为新型冠状病毒感染的研究提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对某市2021—2022年新型冠状病毒感染确诊病例和无症状感染者拭子标本进行流行病学特征分析和病毒载量分析。结果纳入121例病例,确诊病例占54.5%。确诊病例中男女性别比为2∶1,不同性别的新型冠状病毒感染病例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.496,P=0.006);不同年龄组的新型冠状病毒感染病例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.773,P=0.008)。在病毒载量方面,确诊病例组与无症状感染者组差异无统计学差异(Z=1.124,P=0.261)。年龄≥60岁的确诊病例组与无症状感染者组的病毒载量差异有统计学意义(Z=2.147,P=0.033),两组病毒载量中位数M(P25,P75)分别为12466.5(1861.3,168323.6)、3256.3(972.8,42043.3)copies/ml。结论新型冠状病毒感染确诊病例与无症状感染者病毒载量差异无统计学意义,但≥60岁年龄组确诊病例的病毒载量水平明显高于无症状感染者,提示老年病例中病毒载量与疾病严重程度存在一定关系。Objective To evaluate the differences in viral loads of confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections of COVID-19,and to provide scientific basis for research on COVID-19.Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiologic features and viral loads of swab samples from confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections of COVID-19 in a city from 2021 to 2022.Results A total of 121 cases were included,and 54.5%were confirmed cases.The ratio of male to female in confirmed cases was 2∶1,and there was a significant difference in the COVID-19 cases between different genders(χ^(2)=7.496,P=0.006).And there was a significant difference in the COVID-19 cases in different age groups(χ^(2)=9.773,P=0.008).The difference in viral load was not statistically significant(Z=1.124,P=0.261)between the confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections.The difference in viral load was statistically significant(Z=2.147,P=0.033)between the confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections groups in the age group>60 years old,and the median viral loads M(P25,P75)in the two groups were 12466.5(1861.3,168323.6),and 3256.3(972.8,42043.3)copies/ml,respectively.Conclusion The difference in viral load is not statistically significant between confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections of COVID-19 but the level of viral load is significantly higher in confirmed cases than in asymptomatic infections in the age group≥60 years,suggesting a relationship between viral load and disease severity among older age cases.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 确诊病例 无症状感染者 病毒载量 分析 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]