青海省2021年艾滋病流行现状分析  

Analysis of the current AIDS epidemic status in Qinghai Province in 2021

作　　者：李积平[1] 董世存[1] 马韶辉[1] 孙玉兰[1] 贾清[1] 吴建英[1] 马海军 匡嘉影 LI Jiping;DONG Shicun;MA Shaohui;SUN Yulan;JIA Qing;WU Jianying;MA Haijun;KUANG Jiaying(Department of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control,Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining,Qinghai 810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科,青海西宁810007

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第4期399-401,405,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：青海省2020年重大传染病防治项目艾滋病防治专项(青卫办疾控[2020]69号)。

摘　　要：目的了解青海省艾滋病的流行现状及防控措施,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法对截至2021年底青海省通过国家疾病预防控制信息系统报告的现住址为青海省的HIV感染者/AIDS病例进行流行病学特征分析,利用χ^(2)检验对不同年份、地区和人口学特征的HIV感染者/AIDS病例的构成比进行比较。结果截至2021年底,累计报告现住址为青海省的HIV感染者/AIDS病例共3925例,死亡747例;HIV感染者/AIDS病例报告例数呈逐年上升趋势,不同年份报告病例数差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=131.48,P<0.01);西宁市报告病例最多2333例,构成比为59.44%,其不同地区的HIV感染者/AIDS病例报告例数差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7582.43,P<0.01);报告的HIV感染者/AIDS病例以20~<50岁年龄组、汉族、农民和已婚有配偶为主,不同年龄、民族、职业和婚姻状况的HIV感染者/AIDS病例报告例数差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=138.94、548.26、563.88、324.99,P<0.01)。结论2021年青海省艾滋病疫情处于低流行态势,但总体呈逐年上升趋势,提示青海省艾滋病疫情正从高危人群向一般人群缓慢扩散,应建立健全的艾滋病综合防治工作机制,防止艾滋病在各人群中蔓延。Objective To understand the current epidemic status and prevention measures of AIDS in Qinghai Province,so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control measures.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infected individuals/AIDS cases reported through the National Disease Prevention and Control Information system with a current address in Qinghai Province by the end of 2021 were analyzed.χ^(2)test was used to compare the composition ratios of HIV infected individuals/AIDS cases across different years,regions and demographic characteristics.Results By the end of 2021,a total of 3925 HIV-infected individuals/AIDS cases and 747 deaths were reported with a current address in Qinghai Province,and the number of reported HIV-infected individuals/AIDS cases showed an increasing trend year by year.There was a statistically significant difference in the number of cases reported in different years(χ^(2)=131.48,P<0.01).The city with the highest number of reported cases was Xining,with a total of 2333 cases,proportion was 59.44%.There were statistically significant differences in the reported cases of HIV-infected individuals/AIDS cases across different regions(χ^(2)=7582.43,P<0.01).The majority of reported cases of HIV-infected individuals/AIDS were in the age group of 20-<50 years old,of Han nationality,farmers,and married with spouses.There were statistically significant differences in the reported cases among different age groups,ethnic groups,occupations,and marital statuses of HIV-infected individuals/AIDS cases(χ^(2)=138.94,548.26,563.88,324.99,P<0.01).Conclusion In 2021,the AIDS epidemic in Qinghai Province exhibits a low prevalence,yet shows an overall upward trend year by year.This suggests a gradual spread of the AIDS epidemic from high-risk groups to the general population.To curb the sprawl of AIDS among diverse populations,it is imperative to establish a robust and comprehensive mechanism for AIDS prevention and control.

关 键 词：艾滋病 人类免疫缺陷病毒 流行现状 病例报告 防控措施 分析 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]