人工和天然草地对青年女性跳跃落地时下肢生物力学表现的影响  

Effects of artificial turf versus natural grass on biomechanical performance of the lower limbs in young females during jump-landing

作　　者：芦劼明 李亚静 杜培洁 徐冬青[1] Lu Jieming;Li Yajing;Du Peijie;Xu Dongqing(Institute of Sport,Exercise and Health,Tianjin University of Sport,Tianjin 301617,China)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院运动健康学院,天津市301617

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第6期1101-1107,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：天津市研究生科研创新项目(2020YJSB103),项目负责人:芦劼明。

摘　　要：背景:研究发现运动者解剖结构、激素水平、神经肌肉功能等内部因素与前交叉韧带损伤风险密切相关,而运动场地材质等外部因素也成为影响非接触性前交叉韧带损伤发生的危险因素之一,但目前研究中对其关注度相对不足。目的:探讨人工草地和天然草地对青年女性跳跃落地时下肢生物力学表现影响。方法:根据测试需要将符合GB/T 20033.3-2006以及GB/T 19995.1-2005标准的人工草地和天然草地平整固定于2块三维测力台上。21名青年女性自愿受试者分别在人工草地和天然草地完成跳跃落地任务。受试者站立于台阶上随后向前跳跃,跳落至测力台后立即全力纵跳并再次落至测力台上,2次落地均要求双脚分别落至2块测力台上,整个跳跃动作流畅无停顿视为成功。同步采集下肢落地过程中运动学、动力学及肌电数据,比较分析二者差异。结果与结论:①动力学方面,在天然草地进行跳跃落地任务时初始触地时刻后向地面反作用力、纵向地面反作用力显著低于在人工草地时(P<0.05;P<0.01);峰值地面反作用力时刻二者亦显著低于在人工草地时(P<0.05;P<0.05),且表现出更高的膝关节屈曲力矩(P<0.01)。②肌电方面,在天然草地进行跳跃落地任务时初始触地时刻后100 ms内股内侧肌、股外侧肌、胫骨前肌肌电活动水平显著低于在人工草地时(P<0.05;P<0.01;P<0.05)。③结果说明,在人工草地进行跳跃落地任务时较天然草地时会出现使前交叉韧带张力升高的生物力学表现。BACKGROUND:It has been found that internal factors such as anatomical structure,hormone level and neuromuscular function of athletes are closely related to the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries,and external factors such as the material of the playing field also become one of the risk factors affecting the occurrence of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries,but they are relatively under-attended in the current studies.OBJECTIVE:To explore effects of artificial turf versus natural grass on the biomechanical performance of the lower limbs in young females during jump-landing.METHODS:According to the test needs,artificial turf and natural grass in accordance with the standards of GB/T 20033.3-2006 and GB/T 19995.1-2005 were leveled and fixed on two three-dimensional force measuring platforms.Twenty-one young females were voluntarily recruited and completed the jumplanding task on the artificial turf and natural grass.Subjects stood on the steps and then jumped forward,jumped down to the force measuring platform and immediately jumped with full force to the force measuring platform again.The two landings were required to fall to the two force measuring platforms,and the whole jumping action was considered successful without any pause.The kinematic,kinetic and electromyographic data of the lower limbs during the landing process were collected synchronously to compare and analyze the differences between the two.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In terms of kinetics,posterior and vertical ground reaction force at the initial landing moment during jump-landing on the natural grass were significantly lower than those on the artificial turf(P<0.05,P<0.01),as well as at the peak ground reaction force moment(P<0.05,P<0.05).Additionally,the knee flexion moment when jump-landing on the natural grass was higher than that on the artificial turf(P<0.01).In terms of electromyography,within 100 ms after the initial landing moment,the electromyography activity levels of medial femoris muscle,lateral femoris muscle and anteri

关 键 词：人工草地 天然草地 跳跃落地 生物力学 青年女性 

分 类 号：R496[医药卫生—康复医学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R873