下垫面变化及雨型对珠海机场片区内涝影响研究  

Impacts of Underlying Surface Changes and Rainfall Patterns on Flooding at Airport Area in Zhuhai

作　　者：许浩霆 鲁华英 占雪晴 李佳佩 高超[1,2] 张童浩 XU Hao-ting;LU Hua-ying;ZHAN Xue-qing;LI Jia-pei;GAO Chao;ZHANG Tong-hao(Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint laboratory for Water Security,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai,519087,Guangdong Province,China;Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519087,Guangdong Province,China;College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;Zhuhai Airport Group Co.Ltd,Zhuhai 519087,Guangdong Province,China;Zhuhai Institute of Urban Planning and Design,Zhuhai 519087,Guangdong Province,China;Center of Coastal Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering Technology at Guangdong Province,Zhuhai 519087,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学珠海校区粤港水安全保障联合实验室,广东珠海519087 [2]北京师范大学自然科学高等研究院,广东珠海519087 [3]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [4]珠海机场集团有限公司,广东珠海519087 [5]珠海市规划设计研究院,广东珠海519087 [6]广东省滨海地区防灾减灾工程技术中心,广东珠海519087

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第6期132-139,共8页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2021A1515110410,2023A1515010972);粤港水安全保障联合实验室项目(2020B1212030005)。

摘　　要：在极端气候和城市化影响下,城市暴雨内涝问题日益严重。为有效解决弱水力梯度珠海机场片区的内涝问题,提高机场运行安全,研究基于InfoWorks ICM模型对机场片区下垫面变化及不同雨型暴雨下的管网排水能力、地表淹没情况及内涝风险等级进行分析,以期评估现有改造工程的内涝防治效果,并探究机场在不同重现期不同雨型暴雨条件下的适应能力,从而为未来的防治策略提供科学依据。研究结果显示,模型模拟水深与实测积水深度的偏差约为10%,验证了该模型在分析区域内涝特征上的可靠性。机场工程改造后,研究区域的内涝风险显著降低,不同风险等级的区域面积大幅减少,应对不同雨型的能力显著增强。特别是在百年一遇的降雨事件中,工程改造显著优化了管网性能,未满管段的比例增至58.08%,超负荷管段的比例从49%降至16.33%,从而使研究区内涝面积缩小88%、积水深度超50 cm的区域面积缩小85%。此外,当雨峰与潮位峰值同时出现时,随着降雨重现期的增加,尤其是5至50年一遇降雨事件,内涝风险随雨峰位置后移增大。机场工程改造提高了对中心型和延后型雨型的适应性,减少了有压管段的占比,显示出改造工程在提升机场抵御极端降雨事件能力方面的有效性。尽管如此,研究区内仍存在局部低洼地带和内涝风险,需持续关注并推进内涝点的整治工作。Under the impacts of extreme climate conditions and urbanization,the issue of urban pluvial flooding is becoming increasingly severe.To effectively address the urban flooding problems in the low hydraulic gradient area of Zhuhai Airport and enhance the operational safety of the airport,this study utilizes the InfoWorks ICM model to analyze the changes in the underlying surface,the drainage capacity of the pipeline,the surface inundation situations,and the flood risk levels under different rainfall patterns.This is done to evaluate the effectiveness of the current renovation projects in flood control and to explore the airport's adaptability to different rainfall patterns,thereby providing a scientific basis for future flood prevention strategies.The research results indicate that the simulated water depths are approximately 10%different from the observed flood depths,confirming the reliability of the model in analyzing the characteristics of urban flooding in the area.After the renovation of the airport project,the flood risk within the study area has significantly decreased,with a substantial reduction in the areas of different risk levels,and an enhanced response capability to various rainfall types.Particularly,in the case of a 100-year rainfall event,the renovation has significantly improved the performance of the pipeline,increasing the proportion of under-capacity pipe sections length to 58.08% and reducing the proportion of over-capacity sections length from 49% to 16.33%.As a result,the area of urban flooding in the study region was reduced by 88%,and the area with water depth exceeding 50 cm was reduced by 85%.Moreover,when the peak rainfall coincides with the peak tide,the flood risk increases with the delay of the peak rainfall,especially for events with return periods between 5 to 50 years.The renovation has improved the adaptability to central-type and delayed-type rainfall design events,reducing the proportion of pressurized pipe length,demonstrating the effectiveness of the renovation works in enha

关 键 词：内涝模拟 雨型 淹没面积 管网负荷 InfoWorks ICM 

分 类 号：TV122.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]