2022年中国农业大学动物医院2121例犬心脏超声病例回顾性分析  

Retrospective Analysis of 2 121 Cases of Cardiac Ultrasound in Dogs at China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital in 2022

作　　者：周媛媛 张静[1] 傅梦竹 张迪[1,2] 邝怡 陆梓杰 刘钢 ZHOU Yuanyuan;ZHANG Jing;FU Mengzhu;ZHANG Di;KUANG Yi;LU Zijie;LIU Gang(China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital,Beijing 100193,China;National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety,College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医院,北京海淀100193 [2]中国农业大学动物医学院兽医公共卫生安全全国重点实验室,北京海淀100193

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第6期17-23,共7页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：本研究对2022年1—12月于中国农业大学动物医院影像中心进行心脏超声检查的2 121例犬病例进行回顾性分析,旨在评估各心脏病的检出率,及其在不同品种、年龄和性别中的流行分布特征。结果显示,共有1 464例(69.02%)犬检出患有心脏病,其中31例犬至少患2种心脏病,共计检出心脏病1 496例次。根据检出心脏病种类划分,犬最高发心脏病种类是获得性瓣膜病(1 332例次,89.04%),其中粘液瘤样二尖瓣疾病最常见(1 322例次,占心脏病检出数量的88.37%),多发于贵宾犬、混血犬和博美犬等,其中雄性较雌性高发,老年犬高发;其次高发疾病是心包积液(78例次,5.21%);第三高发疾病为先天性心脏病(56例次,3.74%),最常见的种类是动脉导管未闭(23例次,占先天性心脏病检出数量的41.07%)、房间隔缺损(9例次,占先天性心脏病检出数量的16.07%)、肺动脉狭窄(8例次,占先天性心脏病检出数量的14.29%)和主动脉狭窄(8例次,占先天性心脏病检出数量的14.29%)。本研究确定了不同种类心脏病流行病学分布特征,对心脏病的诊断和筛查具有重要参考价值,临床中可参考相应特征,提高心脏病诊断敏感性。This study retrospectively analyzed 2121 cases of canine cardiac ultrasound examinations conducted at the Imaging Center of the China Agricultural University Veterinary Teaching Hospital from January to December 2022.The aim was to evaluate the detection rate of various heart diseases and their epidemiological distribution characteristics in different breeds,ages,and genders of dogs.The results showed that a total of 1464 patients(69.02%)of dogs were diagnosed with heart disease,among which 31 patients of dogs were diagnosed with at least two types of heart disease,totaling 1496 cases of heart disease.According to the classification of detected heart diseases,the most common type of heart disease in dogs was acquired valvular disease(1332 cases,89.04%),with myxomatous mitral valve disease being the most common(1322 cases,88.37%).It was more common in Poodles,mixed-breed dogs,and Pomeranians,with a higher incidence in males and elderly dogs.The second most common disease was pericardial effusion(78 cases,5.21%),followed by congenital heart disease(56 cases,3.74%).The most common types were patent ductus arteriosus(23 cases,accounting for 41.07%of congenital heart disease cases),atrial septal defect(9 cases,accounting for 16.07%of congenital heart disease cases),pulmonic stenosis(8 cases,accounting for 14.29%of congenital heart disease cases),and aortic stenosis(8 cases,accounting for 14.29%of congenital heart disease cases).This study identified the epidemiological distribution characteristics of different types of heart diseases,which is of great reference value for the diagnosis and screening of heart diseases,and can improve the sensitivity of heart disease diagnosis in clinical practice.

关 键 词：心脏病 流行特征 心脏超声 回顾性分析 

分 类 号：S854[农业科学—临床兽医学]