生物药剂防治甘蓝菜青虫药效试验  

Experimental Study on the Efficacy of Biological Fungicides in Preventing and Controlling Pieris rapae

作　　者：田兆迎 TIAN Zhaoying(Beijing Tongzhou District Plant Protection Center,Beijing 101100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区植物保护中心,北京101100

出　　处：《蔬菜》2024年第6期62-65,共4页Vegetables

摘　　要：随着十字花科蔬菜种植面积的增加,菜青虫的发生日趋严重,为了减少化学农药使用量和避免单一用药,保障蔬菜生产安全,选用0.3%苦参碱水剂、16000 IU/μL苏云金杆菌悬浮剂和5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂3种生物药剂开展甘蓝菜青虫田间防治试验,并以25 g/L高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油为药剂对照,清水为空白对照。结果表明:不同供试药剂对甘蓝菜青虫的防效存在差异,以667 m^(2)用16000 IU/μL苏云金杆菌悬浮剂50 g的防效最好,药后3、5、7 d的防效分别达78.40%、81.39%、80.58%,均显著高于药剂对照;其次为667 m^(2)用5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂5 g处理,药后3、5、7 d的防效分别达67.57%、73.80%、74.77%,均高于药剂对照,但与药剂对照差异不显著;0.3%苦参碱水剂的整体防效较差。综合来看,667 m^(2)用16000 IU/μL苏云金杆菌悬浮剂50 g处理的速效性、持效性最好,其次是667 m^(2)用5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂5 g处理。因此,为了避免单一使用同一种药剂,可以将16000 IU/μL苏云金杆菌悬浮剂与5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂交替使用来防治甘蓝菜青虫,以减少化学农药使用量,延缓害虫抗药性上升,提高产品安全。With the increase of cruciferous vegetable planting area,the occurrence of Pieris rapae is becoming more and more serious.To reduce the use of chemical pesticides,avoid long term use of the same pesticide and ensure the safety of vegetable production,three biological pesticides of 0.3%matrine aqueous solution(AS),16000 IU/μL bacillus thuringiensis suspension concentrate(SC)and 5%methylamino-avermectin benzoate salt water dispersible granules(WG)were used to carry out field prevention and control experiments on Pieris rapae by taking 25 g/L efficient cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate(EC)as pesticide control and water as blank control.The results showed that the control effects of different biological pesticides on Pieris rapae were different.Among them,16000 IU/μL bacillus thuringiensis SC of 50 g per 667 m^(2) had the best control effect with 78.40%,81.39%,80.58%at 3 days,5 days,7 days after treatment,respectively,which were significantly higher than the pesticide control,respectively.The following was 5%methylamino-avermectin benzoate salt WG of 5 g per 667 m^(2),whose control effects reached 67.57%,73.80%and 74.77%,respectively,which were higher than the pesticide control,but there were no significant differences between them,respectively.The control effects of 0.3%matrine were low.Overall,16000 IU/μL bacillus thuringiensis SC of 50 g per 667 m^(2) showed the best rapid effect and the best persistent effect,followed by 5%methylamino-avermectin benzoate salt WG of 5 g per 667 m^(2).Therefore,to avoid using the same pesticide,16000 IU/μL bacillus thuringiensis SC and 5%methylamino-avermectin benzoate salt WG could be alternately used to prevent and control Pieris rapae,which could reduce the use of chemical pesticides,delay the increase of pest resistance to pesticide and improve product safety.

关 键 词：菜青虫 生物药剂 防治 

分 类 号：S436.35[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]