松辽盆地富氢天然气地质调查与研究  

Geological survey and study of hydrogen-rich natural gas in Songliao Basin

作　　者：孙龙德 冯子辉 江航[1,4] 曾花森 SUN Longde;FENG Zihui;JIANG Hang;ZENG Huasen(State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil,Daqing 163712,China;China National Petroleum Corporation Limited,Beijing 100007,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Co.,Ltd.,Daqing 163712,China;PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163712 [2]中国石油天然气集团有限公司,北京100007 [3]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,黑龙江大庆163712 [4]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2024年第3期7-16,共10页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项“黑龙江省致密油和泥岩油成藏研究重点实验室建设项目”(ZY20B13)。

摘　　要：氢能是全球能源转型发展的重要载体,与人工制氢相比,天然氢气的开采不仅具有成本上的优势,也是实现能源完全脱碳的关键。松辽盆地作为大型陆内裂谷盆地,具备勘探天然氢气的潜力。首次系统梳理松辽盆地北部中下部含油气组合和深部含气组合中天然氢的含量,分析天然氢气的空间分布特征,初步探讨了天然氢气的来源、形成机制及控制因素。结果表明:松辽盆地含氢天然气(φ(H_(2))>1.0%)在中央坳陷区普遍发育,氢体积分数为1.00%~85.54%,其中富氢天然气(φ(H_(2))>10.0%)主要在深部含气组合,试气产量在微量和1444 m^(3)/d之间,沿控陷断裂附近分布;松辽盆地天然氢气主要来源于深部富铁岩层的水-岩作用,氢气的形成和供给具有可持续性,具备形成天然氢气聚集的物质基础;基底以上富氢气藏的形成受沟通至地幔的控陷断裂、深大断裂控制,油藏和天然气藏对富氢气体有稀释和破坏作用,未来天然氢气藏的勘探应该避开油气充注的有利区;深化对盆地深部壳-幔结构及无机地球化学作用过程的认识,是未来松辽盆地天然氢气勘探的重要科学议题。研究成果可为松辽盆地天然氢气的勘探提供理论指导。Hydrogen energy is an important carrier for global energy transition and development.Compared to artificially producing hydrogen,the exploitation of natural hydrogen not only has advantage of low cost,but also is the key in realizing complete decarbonization of energy.As a large intracontinental rift basin,Songliao Basin has potential for exploring natural hydrogen.Natural hydrogen content of middle and lower oil-and gas-bearing assemblages and deep gas-bearing assemblages in northern Songliao Basin is systematically summarized for the first time to preliminarily analyze spatial distribution characteristics,source,genesis mechanism and controlling factors of natural hydrogen.The results show that hydrogen-bearing natural gas(φ(H_(2))>1.0%)widely develops in Central Depression of Songliao Basin,with hydrogen content of 1.00%~85.54%,of which hydrogen-rich gas(φ(H_(2))>10.0%)are mainly in deep gas-bearing assemblages,with gas production ranging from trace to 1444 m^(3)/d and distribution near riftcontrolling faults.Natural hydrogen in Songliao Basin is mainly generated by water-rock reaction in deep iron-rich rocks,with sustainable hydrogen generation and supply,providing material basis for natural hydrogen accumulation.The formation of hydrogen-rich gas reservoirs above basement is controlled by rift-controlling faults and deep large faults connecting to the mantle.Oil and natural gas reservoirs have dilution and destructive impact on hydrogen-rich gas.Future exploration of natural hydrogen gas reservoirs should avoid favorable areas with oil and gas charge.Deepening the understanding of deep crust-mantle structure and inorganic geochemical processes in the basin is an important scientific subject for future natural hydrogen exploration in Songliao Basin.The research provides theoretical guidance for exploration of natural hydrogen in Songliao Basin.

关 键 词：松辽盆地 天然氢气 成因机制 水−岩作用 蛇纹岩化作用 

分 类 号：TE122.11[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探] TE132