水幕对凹型建筑外立面火蔓延抑制模拟研究  

Simulation study on concave building facade fire suppression using drencher sprinkler

作　　者：李晔 李献晶 赵恒泽 汤雪 赵艺 LI Ye;LI Xianjing;ZHAO Hengze;TANG Xue;ZHAO Yi(School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学应急管理与安全工程学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第6期2206-2212,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(E2022209101)。

摘　　要：为探究水幕对凹型建筑外立面火蔓延的抑制作用,以外立面保温材料挤塑聚苯乙烯(Extruded Polystyrene, XPS)为研究对象,采用FDS模拟软件建立抑制凹型建筑外立面火蔓延模型,研究不同喷水强度、外加辐射热强度和结构因子下,XPS火蔓延至顶部所需时间、XPS表面温度和厚度等参数变化情况。结果表明:结构因子和外加辐射热强度与XPS表面温度呈正相关,与火蔓延至顶部所需时间呈负相关;当结构因子大于1.0时,烟囱效应对外立面火蔓延的影响存在极限;改变喷水强度可有效抑制凹型建筑外立面火蔓延;结构因子为0.4、0.8和1.2时,临界喷水强度分别为106 L/(min·m)、735 L/(min·m)和912 L/(min·m)。In this paper,FDS simulation software was used to investigate concave building facade insulation material fire suppression using drencher sprinkler.In the simulation,Extruded Polystyrene(XPS)was used as the typical facade thermal insulation material.Firstly,a cone calorimeter model was established to verify the rationality of XPS combustion simulation results.Secondly,a model of suppressing the fire spread on concave facades by drencher sprinkler was established.This paper studies the changes of parameters such as the time required for fire spread to the top,surface temperature and thickness of XPS under different water spray intensity,external radiant heat flux and structural factors.Based on the fact that the temperature at the measuring point 18m below the ignition point and the thickness of the insulation material hardly changed,it was determined that the water intensity could effectively suppress the spread of fire.The results show that the structural factor and external radiant heat flux are positively correlated with the surface temperature of XPS,while negatively correlated with the time required for fire spread to the top and the ignition time.Whenα>1.0,the effect of chimney effect on the spread of fire on the facade has a limit.The drencher sprinkler can effectively inhibit the increase of surface temperature and decrease the thickness of insulation material on the external facade of concave buildings.In the range of critical water intensity,the temperature changes at the measuring points are influenced by the chimney effect and the cooling effect of the drencher sprinkler under differentα.Besides,the fire-extinguishing effect of the drencher sprinkler is also different.When the external radiation flux is 45 kW/m 2 andαequals 0.4,0.8,and 1.2,the critical water intensity are 106 L/(min·m),735 L/(min·m)and 912 L/(min·m),respectively.The research results are of great significance to the fire extinguishing theory and technology of concave building exterior walls.

关 键 词：安全工程 凹型建筑 挤塑聚苯乙烯 结构因子 外加辐射 临界喷水强度 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]