阴离子表面活性剂SDBS强化喷雾降尘试验研究  

Experimental study on spray dust suppression enhanced by anionic surfactant SDBS

作　　者：邬高高 王鹏飞 蒋逸丹[1] 刘岩 WU Gaogao;WANG Pengfei;JIANG Yidan;LIU Yan(College of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China;Work Safety Key Lab on Prevention and Control of Gas and Roof Disasters for Southern Coal Mines,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]湖南科技大学南方煤矿瓦斯与顶板灾害治理安全生产实验室,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第6期2261-2268,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52274197);湖湘青年英才项目(2021RC3111);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30266)。

摘　　要：为有效治理煤尘对生产环境的污染,以润湿性差的焦煤为试验材料,研究阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate, SDBS)对粉尘润湿性及喷雾降尘的影响。通过研究不同质量分数的SDBS溶液表面张力、接触角、反渗透、喷嘴雾滴粒径及降尘效率,展开SDBS强化喷雾降尘试验研究。基于自行设计的喷雾降尘试验平台,采用常用的X形旋流压力喷嘴展开喷雾降尘试验研究。研究结果显示:溶液SDBS质量分数由0逐渐增加至0.005 00%时,溶液表面张力逐渐减小至28.8 mN/m,此后继续增大SDBS质量分数,表面张力减小幅度小于1 mN/m;溶液SDBS质量分数由0逐渐增加至0.500 00%,接触角由75.44°下降至16.71°且呈不断减小的变化规律;煤尘反渗透吸湿量随SDBS质量分数增加呈不断增大的趋势,质量分数为0.500 00%时煤尘吸湿量的增幅最大;随着SDBS质量分数逐渐增加,喷嘴雾滴粒径先减小后增大,降尘效率先增加后降低,且极值点质量分数均为0.005 00%。SDBS最佳喷雾降尘质量分数为0.005 00%。研究结果可为喷雾降尘现场配制SDBS溶液提供理论依据。To effectively control the pollution of coal dust in the production environment,the effects of anionic surfactant Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate(SDBS)on dust wettability and spray dust reduction were studied by using coking coal with poor wettability as test material.The experimental study of SDBS-enhanced spray dust reduction was carried out by studying the surface tension,contact angle,reverse osmosis,nozzle droplet size,and dust reduction efficiency of SDBS solution with different mass fractions.The spray dust reduction experimental study was carried out by using the commonly used X-shaped swirl pressure nozzle based on the self-designed spray dust reduction experimental platform.The results show that the surface tension of the solution gradually decreases to 28.8 mN/m when the mass fraction of SDBS in the solution gradually increases from 0 to 0.00500%,and then the surface tension decreases less than 1 mN/m when the mass fraction of SDBS continues to increase.The mass fraction of SDBS in the solution gradually increases from 0 to 0.50000%,and the contact angle decreases from 75.44°to 16.71°and shows a decreasing trend.The moisture absorption of coal dust reverse osmosis increases with the increase of SDBS mass fraction,and the increase of moisture absorption of coal dust is the largest when the mass fraction is 0.50000%.As the mass fraction of SDBS gradually increases from 0 to 0.00500%,the droplet size of the nozzle gradually decreases,and the peak value of the droplet size volume frequency continuously shifts to the left.When the mass fraction of SDBS is greater than 0.00500%,the droplet size of the nozzle no longer decreases and the peak value of the droplet size volume frequency no longer shifts to the left.The dust removal efficiency of total dust and respirable dust in the nozzle increases first and then decreases with the increase of SDBS mass fraction,and the inflection point is 0.00500%.The increase percentage of respirable dust removal efficiency is greater than that of total dust.The optimum ma

关 键 词：安全卫生工程技术 表面活性剂 十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS) 煤尘 雾滴粒径 降尘效率 

分 类 号：X964[环境科学与工程—安全科学]