计及复合碳泄漏效应的电力系统双层规划  

Bi-level Planning of Power System Considering Hybrid Carbon Leakage Effect

作　　者：林雨洁 张笑演 熊厚博 乔艺林 石浩杰 郭创新[1] LIN Yujie;ZHANG Xiaoyan;XIONG Houbo;QIAO Yilin;SHI Haojie;GUO Chuangxin(College of Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;Jiaxing Power Supply Company of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Jiaxing 314000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学电气工程学院,浙江省杭州市310027 [2]国网浙江省电力有限公司嘉兴供电公司,浙江省嘉兴市314000

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第12期1-13,共13页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U22B2098)。

摘　　要：“双碳”目标下,不对称碳监管政策在电力行业低碳转型路径中引发的强、弱复合碳泄漏效应需要引起关注。针对单边碳减排政策在电力系统中的影响,结合边际电价理论构建了考虑输电网级能源网架扩展与配电网级能源枢纽负荷行为的电力系统双层规划模型。首先,在上层能源网架规划中分析线路扩展带来的弱碳泄漏效应,通过拉格朗日乘子求解电网边际电价,在此基础上计及强碳泄漏效应影响下的负荷转移行为,建立下层能源枢纽经济规划模型;其次,分析碳泄漏的成因并提出缓和手段,建立对应模型;然后,提出电力系统双层低碳规划的求解流程,并设计提升双层规划收敛性的二分启发式方法;最后,在改进的IEEE 12节点系统与改进的IEEE 236节点系统中进行仿真,分析碳价格与碳泄漏缓和手段对碳泄漏效应的影响,算例结果验证了碳泄漏的形成渠道与影响。分析免费碳配额或碳排放关税对碳泄漏效应的缓和作用与风险,同时,研究双层规划模型收敛性,可为电力系统低碳转型路径中开展合理碳监管提供参考。Under the goals of carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality,the strong and weak hybrid carbon leakage effect caused by asymmetric carbon regulation policies in the low-carbon transition path of power industry needs to be paid attention to.Aiming at the influence of unilateral carbon emission reduction policy in power system,a bi-level planning model of power systems considering the energy network expansion at transmission network level and the load behavior of energy hubs at distribution network level is constructed based on marginal electricity price theory.Firstly,the weak carbon leakage effect caused by line expansion is analyzed in the upper energy network planning,and the marginal electricity price of power grid is solved by Lagrange multiplier.On this basis,the economic planning model of the lower energy hub is established considering the load transfer behavior under the influence of strong carbon leakage effect.Secondly,the causes of carbon leakage are analyzed,mitigation measures are proposed,and the corresponding models are established.Then,the solution flow of the bi-level low-carbon planning for power systems is proposed,and a binary heuristic method is designed to improve the convergence of bi-level planning.Finally,the simulation is carried out in the modified IEEE 12-bus system and the modified IEEE 236-bus system to analyze the influence of carbon price and carbon leakage mitigation measures on carbon leakage effect.The case results verify the formation channel and influence of carbon leakage.The mitigating effect and risk of free carbon quota or carbon emission tariff on carbon leakage effect are analyzed,and the convergence of bi-level planning model is studied,which can provide reference for rational carbon regulation in the low-carbon transition path of power systems.

关 键 词：碳泄漏 双碳 低碳政策 边际电价 负荷转移 电力系统规划 

分 类 号：TM715[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]