基于ChatGPT+Prompt的专利技术功效实体自动生成研究  

Generating Effectiveness Entities of Patent Technology Based on ChatGPT+Prompt

作　　者：白如江[1] 陈启明 张玉洁 杨超 Bai Rujiang;Chen Qiming;Zhang Yujie;Yang Chao(Institute of Information Management,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学信息管理研究院,淄博255000 [2]浙江大学公共管理学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《数据分析与知识发现》2024年第4期14-25,共12页Data Analysis and Knowledge Discovery

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究一般项目(项目编号:21CTQJ11)的研究成果之一

摘　　要：【目的】针对专利技术功效实体的自动识别问题,智能感知生成专利文献中的关键技术功效,辅助专利技术功效矩阵高质量构建。【方法】本文提出将ChatGPT应用于专利技术功效实体抽取任务的新思路,使用ChatGPT+Prompt的方法实现专利技术词、功效词以及技术-功效二元组的识别、提取和生成。【结果】本文识别生成了4个领域、三种语言的专利技术功效实体,跨领域、跨语言、提示样本数量对比的实验结果(ROUGE值)表明,该方法能够较为准确地识别技术功效二元组。新能源汽车领域效果最佳,英文专利表现最优,跨域能力和跨语言能力显著,给予One-Shot显著提升模型性能。【局限】本文方法仍存在Prompt不标准、生成内容重复、单轮或多轮问答的选择困难等问题。【结论】本文方法具备合理性和可行性,有效降低技术功效实体生成的人力成本和任务门槛,拓展AIGC的应用场景,释放ChatGPT在专利文献挖掘的潜力。[Objective]This paper constructs a new model that automatically identifies and extracts patent technology and function entities.It constructs a matrix for high-quality technology and function.[Methods]We utilized ChatGPT+Prompt to extract patent technical efficacy entities and recognize,extract,and generate technology and function words with technology-function binary groups.[Results]The proposed method recognized and generated patent technology and function entities in four domains and three languages.Our method can generate technology-function binary groups more accurately in the cross-domain,cross-language,and prompted sample size comparisons.The model yielded the highest ROUGE values with the electronic automobiles and English patents.Giving One-Shot will significantly improve the model’s cross-domain and cross-linguistic performance.[Limitations]The proposed method lacks standards for prompts,generates duplicated contents,and needs multi-round Q&A.[Conclusion]The proposed method effectively reduces the labor cost and task threshold of technology and function entity generation.It expands the application scenarios of AIGC and releases the potential of ChatGPT in patent document exploration.

关 键 词：专利技术功效矩阵 技术词 功效词 实体识别 生成式模型 ChatGPT PROMPT 

分 类 号：G250[文化科学—图书馆学] TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]