贵州省贵阳地区HPV分型及宫颈病变情况分析  

Analysis of HPV typing and cervical lesions in Guiyang Area,Guizhou Province

作　　者：刘蕊 魏洪 蒋立娜[1,2] 徐庆胜 王硕石 王皞 LIU Rui;WEI Hong;JIANG Lina;XU Qingsheng;WANG Shuoshi;WANG Hao(Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology in Guizhou Province,Guizhou Medical University,School of Basic Medicine,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州省普通高校学校病原生物学特色重点实验室贵州医科大学基础医学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州医科大学基础医学国家级实验教学中心 [3]贵州中医药大学第二附属医院 [4]贵州省人民医院急诊科

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第6期521-526,530,共7页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(3226010016);2023年国家级大学生创新训练项目(202310660028);贵州省中医药管理局中医药、民族医药科学技术研究专项(202449782);贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwkj2023-280);贵州省教育厅平台项目(黔教技[2022]019号);2023年省级大学生创新训练项目(S202310660027);2023年省级大学生创新训练项目(S202310660049)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵阳地区人乳头状瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)流行病学特征及感染后宫颈病变情况,为此地区宫颈癌筛查、防治和疫苗接种提供临床依据。方法收集2017—2022年在贵州中医药大学某医院就诊,自愿行HPV分型检查女性为研究对象,采用实时荧光定量PCR对28种HPV进行检测,采用液基薄层细胞学检查(thin-prep cytology test,TCT)检测宫颈病变情况,应用Excel 2010和SPSS 22.0软件对数据进行整理和统计分析,组间比较采用χ^(2)检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2017—2022年共检测妇科门诊就诊女性19426例,HPV检出率为20.45%(3972/19426),HPV单一型别感染率为15.15%(2944/19426),多重感染率为5.29%(1028/19426),高危型HPV感染率高于中危型和低危型,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.743,P=0.002)。不同年龄组均以单一高危型感染为主,其中<20岁年龄组常见感染亚型为HPV52、HPV16、HPV18,其余年龄组常见感染亚型为HPV16、HPV52、HPV58。宫颈病变情况分析显示,低级别鳞状上皮内病变组和高级别鳞状上皮内病变组均以单型别感染为主,主要的感染型别为HPV16和HPV52。结论本研究中HPV感染总检出率为20.45%,不同年龄组以单一高危型感染为主,HPV16和HPV52为各年龄组感染的优势亚型及导致该地区宫颈病变的主要型别。Objective To analyze the epidemiologic features of Human papillomavirus(HPV)and cervical lesions after infection in the Guiyang Area,to provide clinical evidence for cervical cancer screening,prevention and cure,and vaccination in this area.Methods From 2017 to 2022,women who voluntarily underwent HPV typing tests at a hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected as research subjects.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect 28 types of HPV,and thin-prep cytology test(TCT)was used to detect cervical lesions.Excel 2010 and SPSS 22.0 software were used to organize and statistically analyze the data,and the Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups,and the difference was statistically significant with P<0.05.Results A total of 19426 women attending gynecology clinics were detected from 2017 to 2022,with HPV detection rate of 20.45%(3972/19426),HPV single type infection rate of 15.15%(2944/19426),and a multiple infection rate of 5.29%(1028/19426).The high-risk type infection rate was higher than the medium type and low-risk type,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=9.743,P=0.002).A single high-risk type of infection was the main infection in different age groups,among with the common subtypes of infection in the<20-year-old age group were HPV52,HPV16,and HPV18,and the common subtypes of infection in the remaining age groups were HPV16,HPV52,and HPV58.The analysis of cervical lesions showed that both the low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions group and the high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion group were mainly monotypic infections,and the main infection types were HPV16 and HPV52.Conclusion In this study,the overall detection rate of HPV infection is 20.45%,and a single high-risk infection is the main type in different age groups.HPV16 and HPV52 are the dominant subtypes of infection in each age group and the main types causing cervical lesions in this region.

关 键 词：人乳头瘤病毒 宫颈癌 基因型别 TCT 分析 

分 类 号：R711[医药卫生—妇产科学]