西宁市居民环境与健康素养水平及logistic分析  

Analysis on the level of residents'environmental health literacy and logistic analysis in Xining City

作　　者：艾丽孜热·艾尼瓦尔 何淑珍[1,2] 马春光 吴晶[1] 张军民[1] 沈丽梅 Ailizire·Ainiwaer;HE Shuzhen;MA Chunguang;WU Jing;ZHANG Junmin;SHEN Limei(Xining Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining,Qinghai 810007,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]西宁市疾病预防控制中心,青海西宁810007 [2]青海大学医学部公共卫生系

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第6期544-548,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家疾控局卫生与免疫规划司——环境卫生与健康防护宣教项目(wjw2202-01);西宁市科学技术项目(2022-M-29)。

摘　　要：目的调查西宁市居民环境与健康素养状况,了解居民的环境与健康素养水平及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽方法,抽取西宁市4个主城区960名研究对象进行问卷调查,用构成比对分类变量进行描述,通过χ^(2)检验和logistic回归进行统计检验。结果本研究共发放问卷960份,回收960份,问卷回收率100.00%。剔除不符合条件及回答不完整的问卷,最终纳入899份问卷,有效率93.65%。西宁市居民环境与健康素养整体水平为30.14%,基本理念与知识素养为12.68%,技能素养为55.39%,健康生活方式素养为57.84%。单因素筛查显示:年龄(χ^(2)=13.154,P=0.011)、文化程度(χ^(2)=14.567,P=0.002)、职业(χ^(2)=20.860,P<0.001)、家庭年收入(χ^(2)=14.827,P=0.022)是影响环境与健康素养水平的主要因素。logistic回归分析显示:25~<35岁(OR=1.726,95%CI:1.054~2.824)的居民环境与健康素养具备率较高,55~<70岁(OR=0.591,95%CI:0.421~0.873)的居民环境与健康素养具备率较低。家庭年收入在1~<3万元(OR=0.438,95%CI:0.218~0.880)和3~<8万元(OR=0.371,95%CI:0.187~0.736)的居民环境与健康素养具备率较低。结论西宁市居民环境与健康素养水平为30.14%,年龄、家庭年收入是影响健康素养水平的主要因素,中老年人和中低收入人群环境与健康素养水平低,应加强对该类人群的宣传教育。Objective To investigate the situation of environmental and health literacy level of Xining residents,and to understand the level of health literacy and the influencing factors.Methods A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to extract 960 study subjects from four main urban areas of Xining City.The proportions were used to describe categorical variables,and the statistical tests were conducted using Chi-square test and logistic regression.Results In this study,a total of 960 questionnaires were distributed and 960 were recovered,with a recovery rate of 100.00%.The ineligible and incomplete questionnaires were excluded,and 899 questionnaires were finally included,with an effective rate of 93.65%.The overall level of environmental and health literacy of Xining residents was 30.14%,basic concept and knowledge literacy was 12.68%,skill literacy was 55.39%,and healthy lifestyle literacy was 57.84%.Single factor screening showed that age group(χ^(2)=13.154,P=0.011),education level(χ^(2)=14.567,P=0.002),occupation(χ^(2)=20.860,P<0.001),and annual household income(χ^(2)=14.827,P=0.022)were the main factors influencing the level of environmental and health literacy.Logistic regression analysis showed that residents aged 25-<35 years(OR=1.726,95%CI:1.054-2.824)had a higher rate of environmental and health literacy,and residents aged 55-<70 years(OR=0.591,95%CI:0.421-0.873)had a lower rate of environmental and health literacy.The rates of environmental and health literacy were lower among residents with annual household incomes between 10000 and<30000 yuan(OR=0.438,95%CI:0.218-0.880)and between 30000 and<80000 yuan(OR=0.371,95%CI:0.187-0.736).Conclusion The level of residents'environmental health and literacy in Xining City is 30.14%,and age and annual family income are the main factors affecting the health literacy level.The level of environmental and health literacy of middle-aged and elderly people and low-income people is low,and the publicity and education for such groups should be strengthened.

关 键 词：西宁市 居民 环境 健康素养 影响因素 分析 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]