2012—2021年南宁市某城区法定传染病流行特征分析  

Analysis of epidemic characteristics of legal infectious diseases in an urban area of Nanning from 2012 to 2021

作　　者：刘创善 施向东[1] 刘昊晖[1] 何小玲 陈莹 黄群 LIU Chuangshan;SHI Xiangdong;LIU Haohui;HE Xiaoling;CHEN Ying;HUANG Qun(Food Safety Monitoring Department of Nanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530023,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心食品安全监测科,广西壮族自治区南宁530023 [2]南宁市兴宁区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第5期480-484,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广西卫生健康委科研课题(Z20191016)。

摘　　要：目的分析南宁市某城区2012—2021年法定传染病的流行特征,为制定传染病的防控策略提供科学依据。方法对该城区2012—2021年报告的法定传染病资料进行描述性分析。用占比对分类变量进行描述,χ^(2)趋势性检验评价发病趋势,率的比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果共报告法定传染病26种,72336例,年均发病率1625.20/10万,总体呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=14.62,P<0.001);死亡159例,年均死亡率3.57/10万,病死率0.22%。手足口病发病最多,占58.02%,艾滋病死亡最多,占91.19%。5月和9月为发病高峰,夏秋季发病率高于冬春季。城区和城乡结合部发病率高于乡镇,死亡率乡镇高于城区。发病男性高于女性(χ^(2)=1882,P<0.001),以0~<5岁年龄组居多,以散居和托幼儿童为主;死亡以40~<45岁年龄组居多,以家务及待业、农民、离退人员为主。结论该城区传染病发病率较高,总体呈下降趋势,夏秋季发病率较高,丙类传染病占比高,发病以手足口病为主;死亡以艾滋病为主。做好以手足口病为主的丙类传染病的防控工作,持续加强对肺结核、艾滋病等常见乙类传染病的防控,可有效降低传染病的发病率和死亡率。Objective Analyze the epidemic characteristics of legal infectious diseases in an urban area of Nanning from 2012 to 2021,and provide a scientific basis for formulating the prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases.Methods A descriptive analysis of the legal infectious disease data reported in the urban area from 2012 to 2021 was conducted.The categorical variables were described by proportion,the Chi-square trend test was used to evaluate the incidence trend,and the comparison of rates was carried out using the Chi-square test.Results A total of 26 legal infectious diseases were reported,with 72336 cases,with an average annual incidence rate of 1625.20/100000,showed an overall downward trend(χ_(trend)^(2)=14.62,P<0.001).There were 159 deaths,with an average annual mortality rate of 3.57/100000 and a case fatality rate of 0.22%.Hand-foot-mouth disease had the highest incidence,accounting for 58.02%,and AIDS had the highest deaths,accounting for 91.19%.The incidence peaked in May and September,and the incidence in summer and autumn was higher than that in winter and spring.The incidence rate in urban areas and rural-urban fringe areas was higher than that in villages and townships,and the mortality rate in villages and townships was higher than that in urban areas.The incidence of males was higher than that of females(χ^(2)=1882,P<0.001),and the age group of 0 to<5 years old was the majority,mainly scattered and childcare children.The majority of deaths in the age group of 40 to<45 years,with a predominance of household and unemployment,farmers,and retirees.Conclusion The incidence of legal infectious diseases in this urban area is relatively high,showing a downward trend in general.The incidence is higher in summer and autumn,and the proportion of Class C infectious diseases is high.The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease is the main disease.AIDS is the main cause of death.Doing a good job in the prevention and control of Class C infectious diseases,mainly hand-foot-mouth disease,and continuousl

关 键 词：南宁市某城区 法定传染病 流行特征 发病率 死亡率 预防控制 分析 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]