海南地区低热烧伤流行病学调查分析  

Epidemiological investigation of low-heat burns in Hainan,China

作　　者：程哲 郭瑛 周洁 陈奕龙 Cheng Zhe;Guo Ying;Zhou Jie;Chen Yilong(Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery,928 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force,Haikou 570105,China;Orthopedic Center,928 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force,Haikou 570105,China;Stomatology Center,922 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force,Hengyang,Hunan Province 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军联勤保障部队第九二八医院烧伤整形科,海口570105 [2]解放军联勤保障部队第九二八医院骨科中心,海口570105 [3]解放军联勤保障部队第九二二医院口腔医学中心,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《创伤外科杂志》2024年第6期456-460,471,共6页Journal of Traumatic Surgery

基　　金：海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(22A200177)。

摘　　要：目的分析海南岛低热烧伤的特点和病因,探讨其防治策略。方法回顾性研究2018年1月1日—2022年12月31日联勤保障部队第九二八医院烧伤整形科接诊的低热烧伤患者94例,收集患者年龄、性别、合并症、烧伤时间、地点、病因等流行病学特征及烧伤部位、面积和深度、受伤后就诊时间、创面感染情况、治疗措施等临床数据,并进行统计学分析。结果低热烧伤平均每年就诊(18.0±2.8)例。女性低热烧伤发生率56.4%高于男性43.6%(P<0.05)。主要由热疗意外烧伤(34.0%,32/94)和采暖意外烧伤(60.6%,57/94)两类事件引起。患者中合并意识障碍或局部感觉迟钝占43.6%(41/94),意识障碍或局部感觉迟钝等合并症是采暖意外烧伤的危险因素(P<0.05)。热疗意外烧伤和采暖意外烧伤患者分别占未成年患者总人数的28.6%(2/7)和57.1%(4/7),占青中年患者总人数的10.6%(5/47)和83.0%(39/47),占老年患者总人数的62.5%(25/40)和35.0%(14/40),不同年龄组低热烧伤的原因差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。夏季低热烧伤发生率最高(42.6%,40/94),其他三个季节的病例数接近。夏季低热烧伤主要由热疗意外造成(52.5%,21/40),冬季低热烧伤主要由采暖意外造成(90.5%,19/21),不同季节低热烧伤的原因差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大多数低热烧伤面积≤1%(86.2%,81/94)。烧伤创面为深度创面(深Ⅱ°+Ⅲ°)占76.6%(72/94),其中Ⅲ°烧伤占34.0%(32/94)。所有病例中合并创面感染的患者占14.9%(14/94)。接受手术治疗的患者占28.7%(27/94)。结论海南岛低热烧伤的发生与本岛高温、高湿的气候条件密切相关,建议根据海南岛低热烧伤的特点和病因,制定有针对性的防治措施。Objective To analyze the characteristics and causes of low-heat burns in Hainan region,and to explore the prevention strategies.Methods From Jan.1,2018 to Dec.31,2022,the Burn and Plastic Surgery Department,928 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force administrated 94 cases of low-heat burns.Epidemiological characteristics such as age,gender,comorbidities,burn time(season),location,and etiology,as well as clinical data of the burn site,area and depth,injury to hospital visit time,wound infection,and treatment measures were collected and analyzed.Results The average annual visit to our hospital for low-heat burns was 18.0±2.8.The proportion of low-heat burns in the female gender was 56.4%,significantly higher than that in the male gender(43.6%,P<0.05).Low-heat burns were mainly caused by accidental burns during thermotherapy(34.0%,32/94)or accidental burns during heating(60.6%,57/94).In this study,43.6%of patients(41/94)had concomitant consciousness disorders or local sensory retardation.Comorbidities such as consciousness disorders or local sensory retardation were risk factors for accidental heating burns(P<0.05).Patients were divided into thermotherapy etiology and heating etiology,which accounted for 28.6%(2/7)and 57.1%(4/7)of the underaged,10.6%(5/47)and 83.0%(39/47)of the young and middle-aged,and 62.5%(25/40)and 35.0%(14/40)of the elderly,revealing statistically significant difference regarding the etiology of low-heat burns among different age groups(P<0.05).The incidence of low-heat burns in summer was the highest(42.6%,40/94),and the other three seasons demonstrated a similar number of cases.Low-heat burns in summer were mainly caused by thermotherapy accidents(52.5%,21/40),while those in winter were caused by heating accidents(90.5%,19/21).Different seasons showed significantly different causes of low-heat burns(P<0.05).Most low-heat burns had a burn area≤1%total body surface area(86.2%,81/94).Among the 94 cases,76.6%were deep wounds(deepⅡ°+Ⅲ°),of which 34.0%(32/94)hadⅢ°burns;14.9%(14/9

关 键 词：低热烧伤 流行病学 临床特点 预防 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学]