长期干扰对海南热带雨林国家公园森林群落木本植物特征的影响  

Impact of long-term disturbance on the characteristics of woody plant communities in the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

作　　者：黄耀 梁彩群 莫燕妮 刘畅[1] 张翔 郝杰威 李东海[1] 戚春林 张顺卫 李婧涵 杨小波[1] HUANG Yao;LIANG Caiqun;MO Yanni;LIU Chang;ZHANG Xiang;HAO Jiewei;LI Donghai;QI Chunlin;ZHANG Shunwei;LI Jinghan;YANG Xiaobo(Center of Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province,School of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Department of Ecological Protection and Restoration,Forestry Department of Hainan Province,Haikou 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学生态学院,海南省热带生态环境修复工程研究中心,海口570228 [2]海南省林业局生态保护修复处,海口570203

出　　处：《国家公园（中英文）》2024年第4期235-245,共11页Natinonal Park

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(32260267);海南省野生动植物保护管理局项目(HD-KYH-2022165);海南智慧雨林中心项目(HD-KYH-2022088)。

摘　　要：海南热带雨林国家公园成立于2021年,但仍有局部区域的植被因历史原因存在人为干扰。以海南热带雨林国家公园中霸王岭、吊罗山、尖峰岭3个片区的热带雨林为例,采用时空替代法,调查并分析了3个国家公园受不同程度长期干扰群落物种丰富度、多样性和物种组成及其受地形和生物因子的综合影响。结果表明,长期干扰降低了3个国家公园群落的α多样性,增加了β多样性。物种组成的相似性沿长期干扰的梯度递减。长期干扰与木本植物物种组成呈负相关关系。长期干扰削弱了木本植物丰富度与地形、生物因子关系,直接影响木本植物丰富度。需要重点监测公园内受干扰严重的森林群落以维持海南国家公园生物多样性。In the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,established in 2021,certain vegetation areas have been subjected to anthropogenic disturbance due to historical causes.This study examines the tropical rainforest sections in three sub⁃regions within the park,namely Bawangling,Diaoluoshan,and Jianfengling,and investigates the effects of varying degrees of long⁃term disturbance on species richness,diversity,composition,as well as the combined impact of topographic and biological factors using the spatio⁃temporal substitution method.The results indicated that long⁃term disturbance reduced theα⁃diversity,while increasingβ⁃diversity.Similarities in species composition decreased along the gradient of long⁃term disturbance.There was a negative correlation between long⁃term disturbance and woody plant species composition.Long⁃term disturbance diminished the relationship between the richness of woody plants and both topographic and biological factors,directly affecting the abundance of these plants.To maintain the biodiversity of the Hainan National Park,it is crucial to focus on monitoring forest communities that are severely disturbed within the park.

关 键 词：人类干扰 濒危植物 国家公园 物种组成 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]