竞技圈最后的盛会:从体育竞赛、体育交往和“国家”治理的角度看西周射礼  

The Last Grand Event of the Competitive Circle:Viewing Ritual Archery in the Western Zhou Dynasty from the Perspective of Sports Competition,Sports Interaction and"State"Governance

作　　者：张君贤[1] ZHANG Junxian(College of Physical Education,Jimei University,Xiamen Fujian 361021)

机构地区：[1]集美大学体育学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2024年第3期110-117,共8页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“中国武术竞技思想研究”(19BTY121)。

摘　　要：西周高规格的“大射”既是礼乐制度盛行下射礼竞技辉煌的折射,更是重要的历史现象。运用文献梳理、逻辑分析与历史考证等方法将这一历史现象放在体育竞赛、体育交往和治理的不同背景中讨论。研究认为:从体育竞赛的角度看,射礼盛行的西周仿佛处于“众心成城”的竞技之巅;然从体育交往的角度看,以西周统治者为核心、以射礼为身份识别的竞技圈,未必是稳定的政权或文化共同体;而进一步从治理的角度看,西周竞技盛会背后,其实已陷入相当严峻的治理困境。通过体育竞赛、体育交往和治理的不同视角,解读同一个射礼竞技活动的不同意义,对于进一步理解先秦射礼与社会交往、国家治理的关系及其对当下的启示,具有积极意义。The high-profile"Grand Shooting"of the Western Zhou was not only a reflection of the splendor of the shooting rites under the prevalence of the rites and music system,but also an important historical phenomenon.Using the methods of literature com-bing,logical analysis and historical verification,this historical phenomenon is discussed in the context of sports competition,sports communication and"state"governance.The study concludes that:from the perspective of sports competition,the Western Zhou,in which the rite of archery was prevalent,seemed to be at the top of competition;from the perspective of sports interaction,however,the competitive circle,which took the rulers of Western Zhou Dynasty as the core and the rite of archery as the means to establish identity,may not have been a stable political regime or a cultural community;furthermore,from the perspective of governance,behind the com-petitive events,the governance in Western Zhou had actually fallen into a rather severe situation.Interpreting the different meanings of the same shooting rite event through the different perspectives of sports competition,sports exchange and governance is of positive sig-nificance for further understanding the relationship between the pre-Qin shooting rite,social interaction,and state governance.

关 键 词：射礼 体育竞技 体育交往 国家治理 体育史 

分 类 号：G812.9[文化科学—体育学]