基于1D/3D耦合仿真的某大功率重型货车冷却系统性能研究  

Performance Study of Cooling System for a High-Power Heavy Truck Based on 1D/3D Coupled Simulation

作　　者：程浩杰 马彦达 徐亚坤 吴延巽 董丽萍 于振华 张艺伦 Cheng Haojie;Ma Yanda;Xu Yakun;Wu Yanxun;Dong Liping;Yu Zhenhua;Zhang Yiun(China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Automotive Research Institute,Jinan 250000;China National Heavy Duty Truck Group,Jinan 250000;China Automotive Engineering Research Institute,Tianjin 300000)

机构地区：[1]中国重汽集团汽车研究总院,济南250000 [2]中国重汽集团,济南250000 [3]中汽研(天津)汽车工程研究院,天津300000

出　　处：《汽车工程》2024年第6期1125-1135,共11页Automotive Engineering

摘　　要：随着经济的快速发展,人们对商用车的功率需求越来越高,大功率意味着更高的散热负荷,这对发动机冷却系统的匹配及系统的空间布置提出了更高的挑战。针对装配600马力发动机的某重型商用车,采用1D/3D耦合仿真的手段建立整车热流场模型与发动机冷却系统一维模型,研究了护风罩、导流板对散热器进风流量与进风平均温度的影响;并根据发动机热平衡试验数据,完成了冷却系统的匹配计算,同时进行了整车热平衡试验验证。结果表明:与单层护风罩相比,C型护风罩所引起的湍动能较小,因而可以提供更大的风量;当水泵速比由2.2降至为1.8时,转矩点和功率点出水温度分别为99.2和96.2℃,可满足冷却的需求,同时也降低了水泵的能耗,此外整车环境舱试验也验证了仿真模型的准确性,在大转矩工况下C型护风罩可以有效降低冷却系统的水温。With the rapid development of the economy,the demand for high power commercial vehicle is growing.Higher engine power means higher heat dissipation,which causes bigger challenges to the matching of engine cooling system and the spatial layout of engine compartment.For a heavy commercial vehicle equipped with 600 horsepower engine,the vehicle thermal flow field and 1D model of engine cooling system are developed based on 1D/3D coupled simulation to investigate the effects of fan cover and deflector on the intake air flow rate and average air temperature of the radiator.Meanwhile,according to the engine thermal balance test data,the matching calculation of engine cooling system is completed and the vehicle thermal balance test verification is conducted.The results show that compared with a single-layer fan shield,the C-type fan shield generates lower turbulent kinetic energy,which can provide more airflow.When the speed ratio of the water pump drops from 2.2 to 1.8,the outlet temperature at the maximum torque point and power point is 99.2 and 96.2℃ respectively,which can meet the cooling demand and also reduce the energy consumption of water pump.In addition,the vehicle environment cabin test also verifies the accuracy of the simulation model and the C-type air shield can effectively reduce the water temperature of the cooling system under high torque conditions.

关 键 词：发动机热平衡 C型护风罩 冷却系统 导流板 水泵能耗 

分 类 号：U464.138[机械工程—车辆工程]