重构本草——枳壳(枳实)  

Reconstruction of Chinese materia medica-orange fruit(immature orange fruit)

作　　者：张维丽[1] 于同月 冯艳娇 谢沛霖[1] 张伟 ZHANG Weili;YU Tongyue;FENG Yanjao;XIE Peilin;ZHANG Wei(Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Wuhan 430000,China;Guang'anmen Hospital,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100053,China;Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430000,China;Brain Disease Hospital,Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xi'an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市中西医结合医院,武汉430000 [2]中国中医科学院广安门医院,北京100053 [3]湖北中医药大学,武汉430000 [4]西安市中医医院脑病医院,西安710000

出　　处：《吉林中医药》2024年第6期710-713,共4页Jilin Journal of Chinese Medicine

基　　金：中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(2021-ZW10-A-017);国家自然科学基金面上项目(81973837)。

摘　　要：通过中医经典古籍等文献调研、中药现代临床及药理研究等成果的整理和汇总,结合中医临床及中药学等学科领域专家的临床经验及研究,经讨论认为:枳壳的功效为理气宽中,行滞消胀;枳实的功效为破气消积,化痰散痞;症靶为胸腹胀满、脏器下垂、便秘;现代药理研究表明枳壳与枳实具有调节胃肠平滑肌、预防心血管疾病、抗肿瘤、降低血脂、免疫调节、抗炎等作用;枳壳与枳实均无毒,但孕妇、脾胃虚弱者慎用;临床常用剂量枳壳为3~30 g,枳实为6~15 g,根据不同疾病及疾病的不同阶段辨证用药,并积极探索枳壳与枳实用量与症靶、标靶的量效关系构建。Based on the literature research of classic ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine,the collation and summary of modern clinical and pharmacological research results of traditional Chinese medicine,combined with the clinical experience and research of experts in the clinical and pharmaceutical fields of traditional Chinese medicine and other disciplines,it is concluded that orange fruit and immature orange fruit mainly bear the following characteristics:The effects of orange fruit mainly involve regulating qi-flowing and smoothing the middle jiao,activating stagnancy and relieving distension,while the effects of immature orange fruit feature relieving stagnant qi and removing food stagnancy,dissipating phlegm and dispersing lumpiness.Their symptom targets are fullness of chest and abdomen,organ ptosis and constipation.Modern pharmacological studies have found that the two herbs have the functions of regulating gastrointestinal smooth muscles,preventing cardiovascular diseases,resisting tumors,lowering blood lipids,immune regulation,and anti-inflammation,etc.They are both non-toxic,but should be used with caution in pregnant women and those with weak spleen and stomach.The routine clinical dosage range of orange fruit is 3-30 g,and the dosage range of immature orange fruit is 6-15 g,which should be determined according to different diseases or different stages of the same disease,and the dose-effect relationship between their dosage and their symptom targets or biochemical indicator targets should be actively explored and constructed.

关 键 词：枳壳 枳实 胸腹胀满 脏器下垂 便秘 调节胃肠平滑肌 

分 类 号：R289[医药卫生—方剂学]