表面活性剂对纳米氧化锌减摩抗磨性能的影响  

Effect of surfactants on antifriction and antiwear properties of nanometer zinc oxide

作　　者：张美楠 张丹[1] 李君华[1] 钱建华[1] ZHANG Meinan;ZHANG Dan;LI Junhua;QIAN Jianhua(School of Petrochemical Engineering,Liaoning Petrochemical University,Fushun 113001,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学石油化工学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《材料科学与工艺》2024年第3期44-50,共7页Materials Science and Technology

基　　金：辽宁省重点研发计划项目(2020JH2/10100008);辽宁省教育厅项目(L2020004).

摘　　要：为提高纳米氧化锌在润滑油中的摩擦磨损性能和成膜性能,采用均匀沉淀法在合成过程中加入表面活性剂(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB))制备了平均粒径约为20~30 nm的纳米氧化锌,并利用SEM、TEM、XRD等方法对制备材料的组织和相组成进行了表征。同时,利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察纳米氧化锌对润滑油摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:在载荷392 N时,最佳添加量(质量分数)为0.5%,平均摩擦系数降低了35%,磨斑直径下降了11%;利用CTAB修饰后平均摩擦系数降低了70%,磨斑直径下降了40%。在不同载荷下平均摩擦系数出现先增高后下降的趋势。钢球摩擦表面的形貌分析表明,添加CTAB后的纳米氧化锌润滑油,钢球磨损表面犂沟深度最浅,宽度最小。利用CTAB合成的纳米氧化锌具有良好的减摩抗磨性能,可以大大降低机械零件的摩擦力。To improve the friction and wear properties and film forming properties of nano-zinc oxide in lubricating oil,nano-zinc oxide with an average particle size of 20~30 nm was prepared by adding surfactant(cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB))in the synthesis process by homogeneous precipitation method.The microstructure and phase composition of prepared materials were characterized by SEM,TEM,XRD and other methods.At the same time,the effect of nano-zinc oxide on the friction and wear properties of lubricating oil was investigated using a four-ball friction and wear tester.The results showed that when the load was 392 N,the optimum addition(mass fraction)was 0.5wt.%,the average friction coefficient decreased by 35%,and the wear spot diameter decreased by 11%;the average friction coefficient and wear spot diameter decreased by 70%and 40%respectively after modification with CTAB.The average friction coefficient increases at first and then decreases under different loads.In addition,after the four-ball wear test,the morphology analysis of the steel ball friction surface shows that the groove depth of the steel ball wear surface is the shallowest and the width is the smallest after adding CTAB nano-zinc oxide lubricating oil.Nano-zinc oxide synthesized by CTAB has good antifriction and antiwear properties,which can greatly reduce the friction of mechanical parts.

关 键 词：纳米氧化锌 均匀沉淀 表面活性剂 减摩 抗磨 

分 类 号：TQ132.41[化学工程—无机化工]