我国湿地保护法治的功能演进与发展因应  

Functional Evolution and Development Response of the Rule of Law on Wetland Protection in China

作　　者：吴隽雅 WU Junya(School of Law,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学法学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2024年第5期38-46,共9页China Land Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“绿色发展背景下淮河流域蓄滞洪区人水和谐的社会机制研究”(23YJC840020);河海大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“沿淮行蓄洪区人水冲突及其调适进路研究”(B230207069)。

摘　　要：研究目的:梳理和阐释我国湿地保护法治建构的内在逻辑与发展向度。研究方法:规范分析法、历史分析法和文献分析法。研究结果:(1)我国湿地保护法治历经了从“抢救性治理”到“全面性治理”再到“整体性治理”的建构历程,湿地保护法治的功能随之不断嬗变,在规范面向上表现为“要素保护—功能保护—系统保护”的递进完善,在实践面向上表现为“利用管理—保护管理—安全管理”的辩证发展。(2)鉴于环境增益、绿色发展与生态安全的战略需求,我国湿地保护法治需要超越“人域法”规范的内生困境、复归法益保障的价值偏离、补强风险防控的规制局限。(3)基于“人与自然和谐共生”的价值旨归,湿地保护法治应以形塑人际同构的秩序性、利益分配的公平性和风险防控的调适性为功能指引。研究结论:面向未来,需进一步强化湿地保护法治向协同性与适应性发展,促进经济社会理性与生态理性的良性互动,推进湿地保护与湿地利用的规范共进,寻求风险规制与风险适应的制度同构。The purpose of this study is to sort out and explain the internal logic and development direction of the construction of the rule of law on wetland protection in China.The research methods include historical analysis,normative analysis and literature review.The research results show that 1)the rule of law on wetland protection in China has gone through the process of“salvage governance”,“comprehensive governance”to“holistic governance”,and the function of the rule of law on wetland protection is constantly changing.In the normative direction,it is manifested in the progressive improvement of“element protection-function protection-system protection”,and in the practical direction,it is manifested in the dialectical development of“utilization management-protection management-safety management”.2)In view of the strategic needs of environmental gain,green development and ecological security,the rule of law on wetland protection in China needs to transcend the endogenous dilemma of the norms of“anthropogenic law”,return to the value deviation of the protection of legal interests,and strengthen the regulatory limitations of risk prevention and control.3)Based on the value of“harmonious coexistence of human beings and nature”,the rule of law on wetland protection should take the order of human homogeneity,the fairness of benefit distribution and the adaptability of risk prevention and control as its functional guidelines.In conclusion,it is necessary to further strengthen the rule of law on wetland protection in the direction of synergistic and adaptive development in the future,to promote the benign interaction between economic and social rationality and ecological rationality,to promote the standardization of wetland protection and wetland utilization,and to seek a systematic connection between risk regulation and risk adaptation.

关 键 词：湿地保护法治 人际同构 湿地利用 湿地保护 利益分配 风险调适 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]