人工智能应用对出口技术复杂度的影响研究——基于中国工业行业面板数据  

Study on the Influence of Artificial Intelligence Application on the Technical Complexity of Export--Based on Chinese Industry Panel Data

作　　者：赵春明[1] 褚婷婷 Zhao Chunming;Chu Tingting(School of Business,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2024年第6期58-66,共9页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“工业智能化应用对我国贸易高质量发展的影响研究”(22AJL012)。

摘　　要：人工智能的快速发展与广泛应用对出口及出口技术复杂度产生影响,对中国从贸易大国向贸易强国迈进具有重要意义。本文探讨人工智能应用对出口技术复杂度的影响机制,利用2012—2019年33个工业行业的面板数据,实证检验人工智能应用对出口技术复杂度的影响及其异质性。研究发现:①人工智能应用显著提升了中国工业行业的出口技术复杂度,且出口技术复杂度的提升对人工智能应用的总体规模更为敏感;②人工智能应用的替代劳动效应、技术创新效应是提升出口技术复杂度的重要影响机制;③人工智能应用显著提升了制造业的出口技术复杂度,其中对劳动密集型、资本密集型制造业的提升作用更为显著,对资本密集型制造业的提升作用较大;④人工智能应用对外资进入程度较高工业行业出口技术复杂度的提升作用较大,且更为显著。The rapid development and wide application of artificial intelligence has an impact on export and its technical complexity,and it is significant for China to develop from a major trading country to a trade power.This paper explores the influence mechanism of AI application on the technical complexity of export,and empirically tests the influence and its heterogeneity of AI application on the technical complexity of export by using the panel data of 33 industrial sectors in China from 2012 to 2019.The findings are as follows.First,the application of AI significantly improves the export technical complexity of Chinese industry,and the improvement of export technical complexity is more sensitive to the overall scale of AI application.Second,the labor substitution effect and technological innovation effect of AI application are important influencing mechanisms to enhance the technical complexity of export.Third,the application of AI significantly improves the export technical complexity of Chinese manufacturing industry,especially for the labor-intensive and capital-intensive manufacturing industry,it plays an important role in increasing the export technical complexity of capital-intensive manufacturing industry.Fourth,the application of AI has a greater and more significant role in improving the technical complexity of export in industries with a high degree of foreign investment in China.

关 键 词：人工智能 出口技术复杂度 中国工业行业 外资进入程度 

分 类 号：F752.62[经济管理—国际贸易]