论主债权已过诉讼时效对抵押权的影响——《民法典》第419条之解释  

Analysis of the influence of the main claim which has exceeded the limitation of action on mortgage:explanation of Article 419 of the Civil Code

作　　者：刘镇鸣 LIU Zhen-ming(Law School,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《白城师范学院学报》2024年第3期15-21,共7页Journal of Baicheng Normal University

摘　　要：抵押权本质是担保物权,其目的是保障债权实现,本身具有从属性。《民法典》第419条规定的“主债权诉讼时效”是抵押权从属性之体现,不应当解释为一种独立期间。当主债权已过诉讼时效,抵押权并不会直接消灭,而是产生抗辩权,抵押人可以自行选择是否主张抗辩。抵押人行使抗辩权后,抵押权因主债权效力降低而消灭。当抵押权消灭后,抵押物所有人和抵押人享有涂销权,可以主张涂销登记,但是其他抵押权人因没有直接利害关系并不享有涂销权。The essence of mortgage right is the right of security,which aims to protect the realization of creditor’s right and has the subordinate nature.The prescription of the“limitation of action for the main claim”of the Article 419 in the Civil Code is the embodiment of the subordinate nature of the mortgage right and should not be interpreted as an independent period.When the main claim has exceeded the limitation of action,the mortgage right will not be eliminated directly,but generate the right of defence.The mortgagor may choose whether or not to claim a defense.After the mortgagor exercises the right of defence,the mort-gage right will be eliminated due to the reduction of the effectiveness of the main claim.When the mortgage right is eliminated,the owner of the collateral and the mortgagor enjoy the erasure right and can claim to erase the recordation.But other mortgagees do not enjoy the erasure right because they have no direct inter-est.

关 键 词：抵押期间 主债权诉讼时效 涂销权 

分 类 号：D923.2[政治法律—民商法学]