核壳型碳纤维毡@聚苯胺复合材料的制备及其介电性能  

Preparation and dielectric properties of core-shell structural carbon-fiber felt@polyaniline composite

作　　者：刘帅[1] 赵子豪 俞盈 杨嘉欣 张扬[1] LIU Shuai;ZHAO Zihao;YU Ying;YANG Jiaxin;ZHANG Yang(School of Light Industry Science and Engineering,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学轻工科学与工程学院,北京100048 [2]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国塑料》2024年第6期25-30,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金面上项目(2242032);北京市科技重点项目(北京市自然基金-市教委联合资助)(KZ202010011019)。

摘　　要：使用原位化学氧化聚合的方法,以碳纤维毡(CFF)为骨架,在碳纤维表面生长聚苯胺(PANI),获得具有核壳结构的CFF@PANI复合材料,随后使用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)对其进行封装。研究反应条件对复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明,PANI能够均匀地包裹在碳纤维表面,使CFF的颜色由黑色变为深绿色;接触角和表面能分析结果表明尽管表面生长PANI并未对CFF产生显著影响,但使用PDMS封装后可以大幅度降低材料的表面能;借助多界面结构和界面效应,核壳结构明显提升了材料的界面极化和偶极极化,导致复合材料具有更高的介电弛豫现象,并显著提高了电容和电容压敏效应。Polyaniline(PANI)was grown on the surface of carbon fiber felt(CFF)through in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization to obtain a core‑shell structural composite.The composite was subsequently encapsulated with polydimethylsiloxane.The influence of reaction condition on the structure and properties of the resultant composite was explored.The results indicated that the PANI particles were uniformly decorated on the surface of carbon fiber,resulting in a color change from black to dark green.Contact angle and surface energy analysis indicated that the surface energy of the composite was greatly reduced after encapsulation,though there was no obvious difference between the CFF@PANI composite and CFF.The presence of the core‑shell structure enhanced the interfacial and dipole polarization significantly because of the multi‑interface structure and interfacial effects.A high dielectric relaxation behavior was achieved for the composite,thus improving its capacitance and voltage‑sensitive effects significantly.

关 键 词：碳纤维毡 聚苯胺 原位氧化聚合 介电性能 

分 类 号：TQ323[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]