酸浸对废旧电池回收磷酸铁中杂质的去除作用  

Effect of Acid Leaching on Removal of Impurities in the Recovery Iron Phosphate from Spent Batteries

作　　者：刘广晔 孔佳 巴全云 刘锭锋 曾小毛 白柳杨 LIU Guangye;KONG Jia;BA Quanyun;LIU Dingfeng;ZENG Xiaomao;BAI Liuyang(School of Energy Engineering,Huanghuai University,Zhumadian 463000,Henan,China;Henan Penghui Recycling Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhumadian 463000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]黄淮学院能源工程学院,河南驻马店463000 [2]河南鹏辉循环科技有限公司,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第7期55-60,123,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：河南省中央引导地方科技发展专项(Z20221343028);河南省自然科学基金资助项目(242300420256)。

摘　　要：伴随着锂离子电池大规模退役潮的来临,废旧电池对环境的危害逐渐凸显,废旧电池中的有价金属作为“城市矿山”的资源化利用也受到了广泛关注。目前的回收工艺主要集中于提锂,而对提锂后的废渣关注度不够。以废旧磷酸铁锂电池材料提锂后的磷酸铁为研究对象,提出直接酸浸提纯工艺,通过改变浸出液的浓度、浸出时间、浸出次数等工艺参数,获得纯度较高的磷酸铁。结果表明,在原材料球磨处理、高温高压、水热反应等条件下,Al、Cu、Ca、Ni杂质元素的浸出率分别为36%、51.35%、89.48%、90.91%,说明酸浸对废旧电池回收磷酸铁中杂质具有明显的去除作用。试验结果为实现从废旧磷酸铁锂材料中回收碳酸锂和磷酸铁再制备磷酸铁锂的完整再生循环过程提供基础。With the advent of large-scale decommissioning of lithium-ion batteries,the harm of waste batteries to the environment has gradually become prominent,and the utilization of valuable metals in spent batteries as“urban mines”has also received widespread attention.At present,the recovery process mainly focuses on lithium extraction,while the waste residue after lithium extraction does not concerned enough.Taking the iron phosphate extracted from spent lithium iron phosphate battery material as the research object,the direct acid leaching purification process was proposed,and the iron phosphate higher purity was obtained by changing the concentration of leaching solution,leaching time,and number of leaching times.The results show that the leaching rate of Al,Cu,Ca and Ni is 36%,51.35%,89.48%and 90.91%,respectively,under the conditions of ball milling,high temperature and high pressure,hydrothermal reaction,etc.,indicating that acid leaching has an obvious removal effect on impurities in the recovery of iron phosphate from spent batteries.The experimental results provide the basis for the complete recycling process of lithium carbonate and iron phosphate from spent lithium iron phosphate materials to produce lithium iron phosphate.

关 键 词：酸浸 提纯 磷酸铁 废旧电池回收 

分 类 号：TF803.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]