免炼山免挖穴简力定植对桉树人工林根系和生长的影响  

Impact of Simplified Planting without Burning and Digging on Root System and Growthof EucalyptusPlantations

作　　者：邓善宝 梁天合 梁雪雨 王政烨 陈利军 曹继钊[3] 吴立潮[2] 朱原立 DENG Shanbao;LIANG Tianhe;LIANG Xueyu;WANG Zengye;CHEN Lijun;CAO Jizhao;WU Lichao;ZHU Yuanli(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region State-owned QipoForest Farm,Nanning 530034,Guangxi,China;Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control,College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区国有七坡林场,广西南宁530034 [2]中南林业科技大学林学院/水土保持与荒漠化防治湖南省高等学校重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院,广西南宁530002

出　　处：《桉树科技》2024年第2期65-70,共6页Eucalypt Science & Technology

基　　金：自立科研项目(GXRDCF202203-02);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600505)。

摘　　要：传统的炼山、大穴造林方式易引桉树人工林起水土流失、地力下降等一系列问题,免炼山、免挖穴、简力定植可能是解决上述问题的重要手段。文章以尾巨桉为研究对象,布置了桉树免炼山、免挖穴、简力定植方式并以大穴造林为对照,探讨两种方式对桉树人工林根系与蓄积量的影响。结果表明:造林5年后两种造林方式桉树人工林的根系主要分布范围在土层0~70 cm且根系数量多分布于土层20~50 cm,两种造林方式间差异不显著。造林后前2年,简力定植区的桉树胸径、树高与蓄积量略低于对照区但差异不显著;造林3年后逐渐反超,至第五年简力定植区桉树胸径、树高、蓄积量相较于对照区分别增长4.90%、5.13%、15.00%。简力定植造林未对林木蓄积量产生不良影响,反而提高了林木的生长量,对解决桉树人工林地力下降等问题具有较好的效果。Traditional afforestation involving hillside burning and large pit cultivation of planting spots can cause a series of problems in eucalypt plantations,such as soil erosion and declining fertility.The method of no hillside burning,no digging pits and simple planting may be important methods to alleviate the above problems.Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis was taken as the study object and trials were established to investigate the impact of the two afforestation methods on subsequent root system development and tree growth.At five years after afforestation,the primary distribution range of eucalypt root systems was in 0~70 cm deep soil layer,with a higher concentration of roots at depths of 20~50 cm.There were no significant differences between the two afforestation patterns studied.In the first two years after afforestation,tree diameter at breast height(DBH),tree height,and accumulation in simple planting areas were slightly lower than those in traditional afforestation areas but not significantly so.However,three years after afforestation there was a reversal of the growth advantage.By year five after afforestation,simple afforestation method showed an increase in plantation DBH of 4.90%,tree height of 5.13%,and tree volume of 15.00%over the traditional afforestation plantation.Simple planting afforestation did not have adverse effects on tree volume,but increased the growth of trees,and had a good effect on solving the problems such as fertility decline of eucalypt plantations.

关 键 词：桉树人工林 免炼山 简力定植 根系分布 蓄积量 

分 类 号：S725.71[农业科学—林木遗传育种]