小区公共空间猥亵儿童犯罪情境预防研究--基于A市42起案件的实证分析  

Situational Prevention of Child Molestation Crime in Community Public Space:Based on the Empirical Analysis of 42 Cases in A City

作　　者：姚建龙 毕雨健 Yao Jianlong;Bi Yujian

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院法学研究所 [2]华东政法大学

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2024年第3期125-138,共14页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

摘　　要：小区公共空间猥亵儿童犯罪较为高发,A市检察院在近两年共受理了42起小区公共空间内的猥亵儿童案件,其中共42名犯罪人,涉49起案件。情境预防研究为此类犯罪的被害预防提供了新思路。经典的情境预防理论包括日常活动理论和生活方式暴露理论,L-RAT理论则将两者整合。根据该理论框架,此类案件中影响被害的因素包括“暴露”“接近”“吸引力”“监控”,而“监控”这一因素对后续犯罪过程影响较大。小区公共空间猥亵儿童的犯罪人围绕“脱离监控”制造独处状态,遵循“即时”和“推进”两种行为模式。通过这一“静”一“动”两个维度的分析可以把握此类犯罪的情境特点,即儿童易在有力监控缺失的情况下在其日常活动的地点被害。据此,将针对增强儿童及其监护人的安全防范意识、完善小区内公共空间的监控力量、警示居民在公共空间的行为规范三个方面提出情境预防策略。The crime of child molestation in the public space of the community is relatively high,and the procuratorate of A city has accepted 42 cases of child molestation in the public space of the community in the past two years.The study of situational prevention provides a new way to prevent victimization of this kind of crime.Classical situational prevention theories include Routine Activity Theory and Lifestyle Exposure theory,while L-RAT theory integrates them.According to the theoretical framework,factors affecting victimization in such cases include exposure,proximity,attractiveness and guardianship.Guardianship has a great influence on the subsequent crime process.The perpetrators of child molestation in the public space of the community create a solitary state around"out of surveillance",following two behavioral patterns of"immediate"and"push".Through the analysis of the two dimensions of"static"and"dynamic",we can grasp the situational characteristics of this kind of crime--—children are vulnerable to be victim in their routine activities in the absence of strong guardianship.Based on this,situational prevention strategies will be proposed in three aspects:enhancing the safety awareness of children and their guardians,improving the monitoring power of public space in the community,and alerting residents to the norms of behavior in public space.

关 键 词：小区公共空间 猥亵儿童 L-RAT理论 情境预防 

分 类 号：D924.34[政治法律—刑法学]