海上浮式光伏结构及其水动力问题研究展望  

Prospects for research on offshore floating photovoltaic structures and theirhydrodynamic issues

作　　者：耿宝磊[1] 唐旭 金瑞佳 GENG Baolei;TANG Xu;JIN Ruijia(National Engineering Research Center of Port Hydraulic Construction Technology,Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment,Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering.M.O.T,Tianjin 300456,China;College of Ocean and Civil Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究院港口水工建筑技术国家工程研究中心工程泥沙交通运输行业重点实验室,天津300456 [2]大连海洋大学海洋与土木工程学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋工程》2024年第3期190-208,共19页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB2602800);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2106223,U21A20123);中央基本科研业务费资助项目(TKS20230106)。

摘　　要：淡水水体的浮式光伏发电技术弥补了传统陆基光伏的部分缺陷,在近十年的时间里得到快速发展,与此同时,将浮式光伏技术应用于海洋环境成为了各国学者面临的重要命题。海上环境不同于陆地,在同等光照条件下,海面开阔,日照时间长、辐射量高等优势使得海上光伏项目的光照利用效率更高,发电量可以得到显著提升,但是如何保证海上光伏在极端自然环境下的生存是该项目未来能否实施的最大挑战。首先概述了浮式光伏系统的发展历程,分析了各类浮式结构的形式、特点及其对海洋环境的适用性;然后针对不同结构形式和不同锚泊形式的海上浮式光伏结构,重点围绕其在遭受波浪和风荷载情况下可能遇到的水动力问题和结构强度问题,从设计可行性的角度分析了国内外学者针对相关结构的一些研究成果;最后提出海上浮式光伏系统未来可能的发展方向。The floating photovoltaic(FPV)technology in freshwater bodies has overcome some limitations of traditional land-based photovoltaics and experienced rapid development over the past decade.Meanwhile,applying FPV technology in marine environments has become an important proposition for scholars worldwide.Unlike land,the open expanse and extended sunlight duration in marine environments offer advantages such as higher solar radiation utilization efficiency,resulting in significantly increased power generation.However,ensuring the survival of offshore floating photovoltaic(OFPV)systems under extreme natural conditions poses the greatest challenge to their implementation in the future.This paper first outlines the development of FPV systems,analyzes various floating structures'forms,characteristics,and their suitability for marine environments.It then focuses on the hydrodynamic and structural integrity issues that different types of OFPV structures may encounter under wave and wind loads,reviewing research findings from scholars worldwide regarding the feasibility of such structures.Finally,potential future directions for OFPV systems are proposed.

关 键 词：海上浮式光伏 水动力 波浪荷载 风荷载 结构响应 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]