水力停留时间对牛粪和白菜尾菜混合厌氧发酵的影响  

Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Mixed Anaerobic Fermentation of Cow Manure and Cabbage Tail

作　　者：王新新 于欣卉 马厚龙 黄思思 刘金力 毕少杰[2,3] 王彦杰 Wang Xinxin;Yu Xinhui;Ma Houlong;Huang Sisi;Liu Jinli;Bi Shaojie;Wang Yanjie(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319;College of Life Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University;Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Agricultural Waste Utilization in Cold Regions of Heilongjiang Province)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,大庆163319 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院 [3]黑龙江省寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室

出　　处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2024年第3期72-79,共8页journal of heilongjiang bayi agricultural university

基　　金：大庆市指导课题(zd-2021-91);黑龙江八一农垦大学创新创业项目(202110223054,202210223061);黑龙江八一农垦大学学成、引进人才科研启动计划(XDB2015-26,XYB202022)。

摘　　要：厌氧发酵产沼气是处理有机废弃物的有效手段。牛粪是常见的农业废弃物,由于厌氧发酵过程中降解大量难降解组分需要较高的水力停留时间(HRT),导致发酵效率较低。与易降解的白菜尾菜混合发酵可以有效提高甲烷产量,降低HRT可以提高系统的甲烷发酵的效率。为此,研究采用全混式反应器(CSTR)模拟沼气工程发酵罐运行,考察了HRT(25、20、15、10、8、5 d)对牛粪和尾菜混合厌氧发酵的影响。结果表明:HRT为25 d时,甲烷产率最高为185 mL·g^(-1),降低HRT造成甲烷产率显著降低;HRT降至5 d时,由于挥发性有机酸的大量累积,导致反应器运行失败。采用本系统的极限HRT为8 d,此时系统的容积甲烷产率最高,为0.86 L·(L·d)^(-1)。研究结果可为实际沼气工程中处理牛粪和尾菜时协调甲烷产率和容积甲烷产率,进而为选择合适的HRT提供参考。Biogas production by anaerobic fermentation is an effective means to treat organic wastes.Cow manure is a common agricultural waste.Due to the high hydraulic retention time(HRT)required to degrade a large number of refractory components during anaerobic fermentation,the fermentation efficiency is low.The mixed fermentation with cabbage tail which is easy to degrade can effectively increase methane production,and the efficiency of methane fermentation can be improved by reducing HRT.In this study,a fully mixed reactor(CSTR)was used to simulate the operation of biogas engineering fermenter,and the effect of HRT(25,20,15,10,8,5 d)on the mixed anaerobic fermentation of cow manure and tail vegetable was investigated for the first time.The results showed that when HRT was 25 days,the highest methane yield was 185 mL·g^(-1),and the reduction of HRT resulted in a significant decrease in methane yield.When HRT decreased to 5 days,the reactor operation failed due to the accumulation of volatile organic acids.When the limiting HRT of the system is 8 d,the maximum methane yield of the system is 0.86 L·(L·d)^(-1).The research results can provide a reference for coordinating methane yield and volumetric methane yield in practical biogas engineering,so as to select the appropriate HRT.

关 键 词：水力停留时间 牛粪 白菜尾菜 厌氧发酵 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]