基于超声强化硫氰酸盐体系的废旧电路板中贵金属回收研究  

Research on noble metal recovery from waste circuit boardsbased on ultrasound enhanced thiocyanate system

作　　者：贺子镇 鲁妍 王建波[1,2,3] HE Zizhen;LU Yan;WANG Jianbo(School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle,Ministry of Education,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;Sichuan Province Non-metal Mineral Powder Modification and High Quality Utilization Technology Engineering Laboratory,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [2]固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [3]四川省非金属矿粉体改性与高质化利用技术工程实验室,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2024年第6期45-55,共11页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52000152)。

摘　　要：电子废弃物中含有大量的稀贵金属,已经成为了重要的城市矿产资源。从电子废弃物中回收贵金属,可以在一定程度上缓解资源短缺问题。目前,对于废旧电路板中金的回收大多采用氰化法,该方法存在严重的环境污染风险。本文提出了一种环境友好、反应速率快的超声强化硫氰酸盐体系用于回收废旧电路板中的金。通过对浸金过程的因子设计和响应曲面设计,建立浸金过程的二阶非线性模型,得到的最佳浸出条件为:硫氰酸钠浓度0.23 mol/L、过氧化氢体积0.96 mL、试验温度41.3℃、固液比188片/25 mL,在此条件下反应90 min,浸金率为94.65%。该体系浸出过程主要受混合模型控制,遵循动力学模型(1-2/3X)-(1-X)^(2/3)+k_(r)/k_(d)(1-(1-X)^(1/3))=kmt。研究成果可为电子废弃物中贵金属资源化回收及其工业化应用提供理论依据。Electronic waste contains the large amount of rare and noble metal,and has become the important urban mineral resource.Recycling noble metal from electronic waste can to some extent alleviate the problem of resource shortages.At present,the recycling of gold from waste circuit boards mostly uses cyanidation,which causes serious environmental pollution risks.This paper proposes an environmentally friendly and fast reaction rate ultrasonic enhanced thiocyanate system for recovering gold from waste circuit boards.Through factor design and response surface design of the gold leaching process,the second-order nonlinear model of the gold leaching process was established.The optimal leaching conditions were obtained as follows:sodium thiocyanate concentration of 0.23 mol/L,hydrogen peroxide volume of 0.96 mL,experimental temperature of 41.3℃,solid-liquid ratio of 188 pieces/25 mL.Under these conditions,the gold leaching rate was 94.65%after 90 minutes of reaction.The leaching process of this system is mainly controlled by the mixed model,following the kinetic model(1-2/3X)-(1-X)^(2/3)+k_(r)/k_(d)(1-(1-X)^(1/3))=k m t.The research results provide the theoretical basis for the resource recovery and industrial application of precious metals in electronic waste.

关 键 词：废旧电路板 硫氰酸盐 超声波 贵金属 浸金率 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]