测量平差教学中快速确定必要观测数的方法  

Method of Quickly Determining Essential Observation Numbers in the Teaching of Surveying Adjustment

作　　者：李峰 王秋玲 刘文龙 LI Feng;WANG Qiuling;LIU Wenlong(College of Ecological Environment,Institute of Disaster Prevention,Sanhe 065201,China;College of Artificial Intelligence,Beijing Institute of Economics and Management,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]防灾科技学院生态环境学院,河北三河065201 [2]北京经济管理职业学院人工智能学院,北京100102

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2024年第6期23-26,共4页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

基　　金：2022年度防灾科技学院教育研究与教学改革项目(JY2022B17);2021年度北京市教育科学规划项目重点课题(CBAA21051);中国职业技术教育学会、新时代中国职业教育研究院2021年职业教育重点课题(SZ21B054)资助。

摘　　要：必要观测数是建立测量平差函数模型的前提,为了快速确定几何模型的必要观测数,解决学生在测量平差课程学习中必要观测数计算时的困难,针对测量工作中常用的7种几何模型,结合不同观测条件下控制网的布设特点和起算数据,提出了确定必要观测数的通用计算公式,列举并验证了该公式在不同几何模型条件下的正确性。该公式结构简单、易于理解、普适性强,拓展了必要观测数的应用领域,丰富了必要观测数确定的方法内容,促进了测量平差理论和方法的进一步发展。The essential observation number is the premise of establishing the surveying adjustment function model.In order to quickly determine the number of essential observations of the geometric model and solve the difficulty of calculating the number of essential observations for students in the course of surveying adjustment,for the seven geometric models commonly used in surveying work,combining the layout characteristics of the control network and the initial calculation data under different observation conditions,a general calculation formula for determining the essential observation number is proposed,and the correctness of the formula under different geometric model conditions is listed and verified.The formula is simple in structure,easy to understand,and universal.It expands the application field of essential observations,enriches the content of methods for determining essential observations,and promotes the further development of survey adjustment theory and methods.

关 键 词：测量平差 必要观测数 起算数据 几何模型 

分 类 号：P207[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]