地铁车站附属设施防爆设计方案研究  

Research on the explosion-proof design scheme of ancillary facilities for metro stations

作　　者：姚显贵 于华 YAO Xiangui;YU Hua(ChinaRailwayLiuyuanGroupCo.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300308,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第六勘察设计院集团有限公司,天津300308

出　　处：《现代城市轨道交通》2024年第6期92-97,共6页Modern Urban Transit

摘　　要：地铁车站所在区域环境复杂,车站附属设施如出入口、风亭等遇到包括厂房、加油(气)站、地下空间泄压口等建(构)筑物时,建设方案会受到影响。文章研究地铁车站周边复杂情况下如何进行附属设施设计,以爆炸影响分析为例,根据G·M·莱克霍夫计算公式计算校核加油站爆炸影响范围,说明相关规范中对地铁车站附属设施安全距离要求的合理性。讨论泄压口设置与危害性,为地铁车站附属设计提供安全依据。以实施案例分析地铁车站附属设施遇到加油站的一般处理方法,其中,泄压口的危险性可类比加油站,但其爆炸冲击波未直接面向地铁车站附属设施,所以影响程度相对较小,安全处理措施可类比加油站。研究表明,地铁车站更多是承担公共交通功能的建(构)筑物,与其他民用建筑不同,需要考虑其社会影响,遇到影响公共安全的危险源应尽量避让。The ancillary facilities of the metro station construction plan will be greatly affected when the located environment of the metro station area is relatively complicated,such as entrances and exits,ventilation pavilions,etc.;encounter buildings and structures such as factories,fueling stations,and pressure relief ports in underground spaces.This article primarily studies how to design ancillary facilities in complicated situations surrounding metro stations by analyzing explosion impacts.The impact range of an explosion from a fueling station is calculated and checked according to the G.M.Likhoff method,indicating that the requirements for the safe distance of the ancillary facilities of the metro station in the relevant specifications are reasonable.The setting and harmfulness of the pressure relief opening are discussed to provide a safety basis for ancillary facilities designs of metro stations.This paper also analyzes the general treatment method when the ancillary facilities of the metro station when encountering fueling stations in case studies.Among them,the danger of the pressure relief opening can be analogized to the fueling station,but its explosive shock wave does not directly face the ancillary facilities of the metro station,thus the degree of influence is relatively minimized,and the safety treatment measures can also be analogized to the fueling station.Unlike other civil buildings,the research shows that the metro station is more of a building or structure that undertakes a public transportation function,and its social impact needs to be considered.Therefore,it should be avoided as much as possible when encountering sources of public safety hazards.

关 键 词：地铁车站 防爆设计 附属设施 加油站 泄压口 方案 研究 

分 类 号：TU921[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]