猪圆环病毒2型相关疾病常见问题解析与对策  

Analysis and Solution of Disease Associated with Porcine Circovirus Type 2

作　　者：李彦超 降浩琳 白挨泉[3] LI Yanchao;JIANG Haolin;BAI Aiquan(Ceva Animal Health China,Beijing 100102;Ruzhou Secondary Specialized School,Ruzhou Henan 467599;Foshan University,Foshan Guangdong 528051)

机构地区：[1]法国诗华动物保健公司,北京100102 [2]汝州市中等专业学校,河南汝州467599 [3]佛山科学技术学院,广东佛山528051

出　　处：《广东畜牧兽医科技》2024年第3期77-82,共6页Guangdong Journal of Animal and Veterinary Science

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515110357)。

摘　　要：PCV2是猪圆环病毒相关疾病的首要致病因子,会引起断奶仔猪多系统性衰竭综合征(PMWS)、繁殖障碍(PCV2-RD)以及猪皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)等疾病,给养猪生产造成巨大的经济损失。该文从PCV2的流行特点、免疫存在问题以及对策等进行分析和讨论,旨在为养猪生产人员提供PCVD的防控思路。PCV2主要存在猪场流行率高、种猪群亚临床感染普遍、保育及育肥前期感染压力大、精液和初乳垂直传播等流行特点。种猪场的亚临床感染会引起仔猪PCV2的早期感染;保育及育肥前期感染压力大的主要原因是仔猪出现早期感染、母源抗体干扰、初乳摄入量不足、免疫抑制等;后备母猪的引种混乱和免疫驯化不到位,会导致后备母猪繁殖障碍及后代的早期感染;公猪精液受到PCV2的污染,会引起母猪的繁殖障碍,同时助推了PCV2在猪群中的流行。因此,对于PCVD的综合防控,需要从后备母猪、基础母猪、仔猪以及公猪出发,制订出适合猪场的免疫程序;配合减少交叉寄养、减低保育舍群体规模和密度、减少使用带毒精液、以及选择合适的消毒剂和消毒程序等管理措施,尽量减低PCV2带来的危害。PCV2 is the primary causative agent of porcine circovirus-related diseases,which causes diseases such postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome(PMWS),reproductive disorder(PCV2-RD)and porcine dermatitis nephrotic syndrome(PDNS),causing huge economic losses to pig production.This paper analyzes and discusses the epidemic characteristics,immunization problems and countermeasures of PCV2,aiming to provide pig producers with ideas for the prevention and control of PCVD.PCV2 mainly has the epidemic characteristics of high prevalence in pig farms,common subclinical infection in breeding herds,high infection pressure in nursery and fattening period,and vertical transmission from semen and colostrum.Subclinical infection in breeding farms can cause early infection of PCV2.The main reasons for high infection pressure in the early stage of nursery and fattening are early infection in piglets,maternal antibody interference,insufficient colostrum intake,and immunosuppression.Confusion in the introduction of gilts and inadequate immune domestication can lead to reproductive disorders of gilts and early infection of offspring.Boar semen contaminated with PCV2 can cause reproductive disorders in sows and contribute to the prevalence of PCV2 in pigs.Therefore,for the comprehensive prevention and control of PCVD,it is necessary to develop an immunization protocol suitable for pig farms starting from gilts,basal sows,piglets and boars.Minimize the harm caused by PCV2 with management measures such as reducing cross-foster care,reducing the size and density of nursery groups,reducing the use of positive semen,and selecting appropriate disinfectants and disinfection procedures.

关 键 词：PCV2 流行特点 免疫 问题解析 对策 

分 类 号：S852.651[农业科学—基础兽医学]