不同繁殖方式半夏生长情况、显微结构及次级代谢产物差异分析  

Quality evaluation of different propagation methods of Pinellia ternate

作　　者：王涵嫣 初雷霞 余孟娟 侯文川 董诚明[1,2] WANG Han-yan;CHU Lei-xia;YU Meng-juan;HOU Wen-chuan;DONG Cheng-ming(Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Authentic Medicinal Materials,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学药学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省道地药材生态种植工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2024年第3期709-714,共6页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82104329);河南中医药大学高层次人才工作专项-科研启动项目。

摘　　要：目的通过对人工种子、组培苗和传统块茎自繁三种繁殖方式的半夏再生植株的性状、产量与次生代谢产物积累规律做出评价,为后续以生物技术方法实现半夏的品种改良及大规模的育种生产提供科学依据。方法对三种繁殖方式的半夏再生植株的生长性状进行测定,对半夏块茎的直径和百粒重进行统计,对半夏块茎横切面的石蜡装片与块茎粉末装片进行显微观察,通过电位滴定法测定对半夏总有机酸含量进行测定,采用紫外分光光度法对半夏的总生物碱含量进行测定,通过高效液相法对半夏胡芦巴碱、尿苷、肌苷、鸟苷、胸苷、腺苷进行测定,将得到的数据通过主成分分析法进行分析。结果半夏人工种子较组培苗对环境的适应性更强;人工种子繁殖的半夏块茎的表观性状更接近大田实生半夏;半夏三种繁殖方式的再生植株中次生代谢产物含量在生长过程中变化均很显著,但变化趋势相近。按照主成分综合得分将各个评价对象排序,大田块茎的种质质量优于人工种子块茎优于组培块茎。结论人工种子繁殖方式的半夏较组培苗半夏更适宜应用到生产实际当中,为开发半夏优良种源和扩大生产提供了参考。Objective In order to provide scientific basis for the subsequent improvement of Pinellia ternata varieties and large-scale breeding production through biotechnology methods, the characteristics, yield, and accumulation patterns of secondary metabolites of regenerated plants of Pinellia ternata from artificial seeds, tissue culture seedlings, and traditional tuber self-propagation were evaluated. Methods The growth traits of the regenerated plants were observed, the diameters and 100-grain weights of the tubers were counted, the paraffin mounts and the powder mounts of the tubers were microscopically observed, the total organic acid content of Pinellia ternata was determined by potentiometric titration, the total alkaloids of Pinellia ternata were determined by UV spectrophotometry. Fenugreek alkaloids, uridine, inosine, guanosine, thymidine and adenosine were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The obtained data were analyzed by principal component analysis.Results It showed that the artificial seeds of Pinellia ternata were more adaptable to the environment than the seedlings grown in group culture. The apparent traits of the tubers propagated from the artificial seeds were closer to those of the seeding of Pinellia ternata in the field. The content of secondary metabolites in the regenerated plants of the three propagation methods of Pinellia ternata varied drastically during the growth process, and the trends were similar. The germplasm quality of the field tubers was better than that of the artificial seed tubers than that of the histologic tubers when each evaluation object was ranked according to the combined principal component score. Conclusion It shows that the artificial seed propagation method of Pinellia ternata is more suitable to be applied to the production practice than the group cultivated seedling of Pinellia ternata, which provides a reference for developing the excellent seed source and expanding the production of Pinellia ternata.

关 键 词：半夏 繁殖方式 人工种子 显微性状 次生代谢产物 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]