顾及形状相似性的道路与居民地协同化简方法  

The Collaborative Simplification Method for Road and Residential Area Considering Shape Similarity

作　　者：吕峥[1] 孙群[1] 温伯威[1] 张付兵 马京振 LÜZheng;SUN Qun;WEN Bowei;ZHANG Fubing;MA Jingzhen(Institute of Surveying and Mapping,University of Information Engineering,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Geo-information Technology for Smart Central Plains,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Key Laboratory of Spatiotemporal Perception and Intelligent processing,Ministry of Natural Resources,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]信息工程大学地理空间信息学院,郑州450052 [2]智慧中原地理信息技术河南省协同创新中心,郑州450052 [3]时空感知与智能处理自然资源部重点实验室,郑州450052

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2024年第5期1270-1282,共13页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42101455、42101454);河南省中原学者资助项目(202101510001)。

摘　　要：空间冲突处理是制图综合的重难点,目前空间冲突处理的研究重点在于拓扑一致性的保持,对要素间的形状相似性关注较少。形状相似性是空间相关性在局部区域的具体体现,道路与居民地是一对具有强相关性的地理要素,街区居民地的轮廓常与邻近道路具有相似的形状特征,独立化简易产生不可控的拓扑冲突与形状冲突。为此,提出一种顾及形状相似性的道路与居民地协同化简方法。①利用Delaunay三角网构建道路与居民地间的毗邻关系并提取成对的毗邻片段。②采用动态时间归整算法进行节点粗匹配并根据节点的几何特征做进一步优化。③采用基于节点取舍的化简算法对道路进行分段化简,将节点取舍情况同步至居民地轮廓,并对异常线段进行检测与处理。采用浙江省某地区1:5万地图中的道路与居民地进行实验,结果表明该方法能够实现道路与两侧毗邻居民地的同步化简,化简后道路、居民地间的形状结构吻合良好,有效保持了道路与居民地在毗邻区域的形状相似性、拓扑一致性及协调的视觉效果。Spatial conflict processing is a difficult problem in cartographic generalization.At present,the focus of spatial conflict processing is topological consistency,and less attention is paid to the shape similarity.Shape similarity is the specific embodiment of spatial correlation in local areas.Road and residential area are a pair of geographical features with strong correlation.After selection,merger,exaggeration,segmentation,and other operations,some residential areas are shown as block with large area.The distance between block residential areas and adjacent roads is small and the shape is similar.At this time,if the roads and residential areas are simplified separately,uncontrollable topology conflict and shape conflict are likely to occur.To maintain topology consistency and shape similarity,the paper proposes a collaborative simplification method for roads and residential areas.First,Delaunay triangulation is used to build the adjacent relationship between roads and residential areas and extract the paired adjacent pieces.Then,the dynamic time warping algorithm is used for rough matching of nodes,and further optimization is made according to the included angle of nodes,the angular bisector direction of nodes,and the direction of connecting lines.Finally,the roads are simplified by the algorithm based on node selection,and the result of node selection is synchronized to the contours of the residential areas.After simplification,abnormal line segments are detected and corrected.The experiment is carried out on the roads and residential areas in a 1:50000 map of a region in Zhejiang Province,and the results show that the method can realize the synchronous simplification of roads and adjacent residential areas on both sides.After simplification,the shape and structure of roads and residential areas coincide well,effectively maintaining the shape similarity,topology consistency,and visual effect of roads and residential areas in adjacent areas.

关 键 词：协同化简 空间冲突 形状相似性 拓扑一致性 道路 居民地 节点匹配 动态时间归整算法 

分 类 号：U495[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] P208[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]