缺血性脑卒中患者复发风险感知的潜在类别与健康行为的关系  

Relationship between latent classes of recurrence risk perception and health behaviors in ischemic stroke patients

作　　者：王香敏 张晓梅[3] 董晓航[4] 谭喜宜 林清儿 周宏珍[1,2] Wang Xiangmin;Zhang Xiaomei;Dong Xiaohang;Tan Xiyi;Lin Qinger;Zhou Hongzhen(Nursing Department,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;School of Nursing,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;Department of Neurology,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China;Department of Neurology,Baiyun Branch,Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510420,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学南方医院护理部,广州510515 [2]南方医科大学护理学院,广州510515 [3]南方医科大学南方医院神经内科,广州510515 [4]南方医科大学南方医院白云分院神经内科,广州510420

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2024年第16期2180-2188,共9页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(201803010084);南方医院白云分院院长基金(BYYZ23006)。

摘　　要：目的了解缺血性脑卒中患者复发风险感知的潜在类别及其与未来健康行为的关系。方法采用便利抽样法,于2022年12月—2023年6月选取广州市2所三级甲等医院312例缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,出院前采用一般资料调查表、脑卒中患者复发风险感知评估量表、脑卒中患者健康行为量表等进行调查,1个月后采用健康行为量表随访。采用潜在类别分析、多项Logistic回归分析探讨复发风险感知的潜在类别和影响因素,采用多重线性回归分析探讨复发风险感知的潜在类别和1个月后随访健康行为的关系。结果本研究共发放312份问卷,回收有效问卷302份,问卷有效回收率96.79%。1个月后,261例研究对象完成随访。缺血性脑卒中患者复发风险感知可分为整体低感知准确型、轻后果-重疾病-中等感知准确型、重自理-轻饮食-中上感知准确型和整体高感知准确型4种类别。年龄、文化程度、居住地和人均月收入是不同潜在类别的影响因素(P<0.05)。与整体低感知准确型的患者相比,重自理-轻饮食-中上感知准确型和整体高感知准确型的患者出院后健康行为更好(P<0.05)。结论医护人员应根据不同类别患者的群体共性和个体差异进行针对性的护理干预,帮助患者正确感知复发风险,进而改善健康行为,预防卒中复发。Objective To explore the latent classes of recurrence risk perception in ischemic stroke patients and their relationship with health behaviors.Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 312 patients with ischemic stroke from two ClassⅢGrade A hospitals of Guangzhou from December 2022 to June 2023 as the research subject.Before discharge,the General Information Questionnaire,Recurrence Risk Perception Scale for Patients with Stroke,and Health Behavior Scale for Stroke Patients were used for investigation.One month later,the Health Behavior Scale for Stroke Patients was used for follow-up.Latent class analysis and multiple Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the latent classes of recurrence risk perception and their influencing factors,while multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between latent classes of recurrence risk perception and health behavior at 1-month follow-up.Results A total of 312 questionnaires were distributed,and 302 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective response rate of 96.79%.One month later,261 study subjects completed follow-up.The recurrence risk perception in ischemic stroke patients were divided into four classes of overall low perceived accuracy,light consequence-heavy disease-moderate perceived accuracy,heavy self-care-light diet-upper moderate perceived accuracy,and overall high perceived accuracy.Age,educational level,place of residence and monthly average income were influencing factors for different latent classes(P<0.05).Compared with patients with overall low perceived accuracy,patients with heavy self-care-light diet-upper moderate perceived accuracy,as well as those with overall high perceived accuracy,showed better health behavior after discharge,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusions Medical and nursing staff should provide targeted nursing interventions based on the common characteristics and individual differences of different classes of patients,helping patients correctly perceive the recurr

关 键 词：卒中 复发 风险感知 健康行为 潜在类别分析 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]