2023: Weather and Climate Extremes Hitting the Globe with Emerging Features  

作　　者：Wenxia ZHANG Robin CLARK Tianjun ZHOU Laurent LI Chao LI Juan RIVERA Lixia ZHANG Kexin GUI Tingyu ZHANG Lan LI Rongyun PAN Yongjun CHEN Shijie TANG Xin HUANG Shuai HU 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China [2]Met Office Hadley Centre,Exeter EX13PB,UK [3]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [4]Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique,CNRS,Sorbonne Université,Ecole Normale Supérieure,Ecole Polytechnique,Paris 75230,France [5]Max Planck Institute for Meteorology,Hamburg 20146,Germany [6]Instituto Argentino de Nivología,Glaciología Y Ciencias Ambientales(IANIGLA),CCT CONICET,Mendoza CP 5500,Argentina [7]Shanghai Typhoon Institute,China Meteorological Administration,Shanghai 200030,China [8]Asia-Pacific Typhoon Collaborative Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China

出　　处：《Advances in Atmospheric Sciences》2024年第6期1001-1016,共16页大气科学进展（英文版）

基　　金：jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42275038);China Meteorological Administration Climate Change Special Program (QBZ202306);Robin CLARK was funded by the Met Office Climate Science for Service Partnership (CSSP) China project under the International Science Partnerships Fund (ISPF)

摘　　要：Globally,2023 was the warmest observed year on record since at least 1850 and,according to proxy evidence,possibly of the past 100000 years.As in recent years,the record warmth has again been accompanied with yet more extreme weather and climate events throughout the world.Here,we provide an overview of those of 2023,with details and key background causes to help build upon our understanding of the roles of internal climate variability and anthropogenic climate change.We also highlight emerging features associated with some of these extreme events.Hot extremes are occurring earlier in the year,and increasingly simultaneously in differing parts of the world(e.g.,the concurrent hot extremes in the Northern Hemisphere in July 2023).Intense cyclones are exacerbating precipitation extremes(e.g.,the North China flooding in July and the Libya flooding in September).Droughts in some regions(e.g.,California and the Horn of Africa)have transitioned into flood conditions.Climate extremes also show increasing interactions with ecosystems via wildfires(e.g.,those in Hawaii in August and in Canada from spring to autumn 2023)and sandstorms(e.g.,those in Mongolia in April 2023).Finally,we also consider the challenges to research that these emerging characteristics present for the strategy and practice of adaptation.

关 键 词：weather and climate extremes temperature extremes extreme precipitation DROUGHT WILDFIRES 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]