2019-2023年南京长江江豚种群动态  

The Population Dynamics of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise in Nanjing Between 2019 and 2023

作　　者：陈炳耀[1] 姜新月 刘杉 张俊 郝秀青 朱林 李婷 陈力文 Chen Bingyao;Jiang Xinyue;Liu Shan;Zhang Jun;Hao Xiuqing;Zhu Lin;Li Ting;Chen Liwen(School of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Nanjing Yangtze Finless Porpoise Provincial Nature Reserve Management Station,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京长江江豚省级自然保护区管理站,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期54-62,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：南京长江江豚省级自然保护区科研监测和动态评估项目(2023-JTY-07-02);南京长江江豚省级自然保护区江宁区域江豚本底调查项目(南京市江宁区农业农村局委托).

摘　　要：南京是长江干流中长江江豚分布最密集的水域之一,一直受到广泛关注,但是种群动态仍不清楚.2019—2023年,研究团队在南京长江江豚省级自然保护区水域持续开展了长江江豚的监测工作.本文分析了南京长江江豚的分布、家域及种群数量的动态变化,通过112 d(56次)野外船只调查,发现江豚274次.平均最近邻工具检验表明江豚呈现聚集型分布,主要出现在潜洲-江心洲-三桥和子汇洲-新济洲等两个水域.最小凸多边形MCP、95%核心密度法KDE和50%KDE家域面积分别为50.86 km^(2)、135.54 km^(2)和60.81 km^(2),2022年KDE最大,秋季要高于其他季节.2019—2023年南京段长江江豚年平均数量分别为52头、60头、57头、62头和65头,呈现年际间的增长态势,冬季高于其他季节.种群数量的增长可能是实施“长江大保护”、“十年禁渔”、长江江豚拯救行动计划等保护措施的结果.Nanjing is one of the most densely distributed water area for Yangtze River Finless Porpoises in the main stream of the Yangtze River,which has been widely concerned,but its population dynamics are still unclear.The study has continuously monitored the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise in the waters of the Nanjing Yangtze River Finless Porpoise Provincial Nature Reserve between 2019 and 2023 by conducting a continuous field vessel survey.This article analyzed the dynamic changes in the distribution,home range,and population size of the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise in Nanjing.Through 112 ds of field vessel survey,274 Finless Porpoises were found,mainly in Qianzhou,Jiangxin Island,Sanqiao and Zihuizhou Xinjizhou Waters.The distribution of pufferfish was arranged in an aggregated pattern,as shown by the average nearest neighbor tool test.The minimum convex polygon,95%core density KDE,and 50%KDE family areas for KDE were 50.86 km^(2),135.54 km^(2),and 60.81 km^(2),respectively,12 km^(2)and 60.81 km^(2)respectively.The Finless Porpoise population size of the Yangtze River varies with time and season.From^(2)019 to 2023,the average population size of the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise in the Nanjing section was about 52,60,57,62,and 65,respectively,with spring and winter being higher than autumn and summer.Compared to the past,the increase in population size may be related to measures such as the“Yangtze River Protection”,the“10-year Fishing Ban”,and the Yangtze River Finless Porpoise rescue action plan.

关 键 词：长江江豚 分布模式 南京保护区 家域 种群数量 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]