snoRNA在电离辐射诱导的DNA损伤中的作用及研究进展  

Role and research progress of snoRNAs in ionizing radiation⁃induced DNA damage

作　　者：邓佳荣 张文成 沈丽萍 王治东 Deng Jiarong;Zhang Wencheng;Shen Liping;Wang Zhidong(Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Academy of Military Sciences,Hengyang Medical School,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;Department of Radiobiology Institute of Radiation Medicine,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Beijing 100850,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学衡阳医学院军事科学院研究生协作培养基地,衡阳421001 [2]军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所放射生物学研究室,北京100850

出　　处：《中华放射医学与防护杂志》2024年第5期450-455,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071240)。

摘　　要：核仁小RNA(small nucleolus RNA,snoRNA)是一类在真核生物中普遍存在的非编码RNA,根据其结构特征,可分为两大类:box C/D snoRNA和box H/ACA snoRNA,分别介导RNA 2′⁃O⁃甲基化和假尿嘧啶化修饰。近期研究发现,snoRNA还影响mRNA前体(pre⁃mRNA)的可变剪接,能够通过生成miRNA来介导基因沉默,并通过与蛋白质相互作用调节其功能活性。在电离辐射的生物效应中,DNA损伤与修复过程是至关重要的生物学基础。然而,目前关于snoRNA在电离辐射引起的DNA损伤中的作用的研究还相当有限。本综述旨在概述snoRNA的生物学功能及其在电离辐射诱导的DNA损伤修复中可能的调控角色,以期为探究snoRNA的功能及机制提供新思路。Small nucleolar RNAs(snoRNAs),a type of non⁃coding RNAs ubiquitous in eukaryotes,can be categorized into two types based on structural characteristics:box C/D snoRNAs and box H/ACA snoRNAs,which mediate the RNA modification of 2'⁃O⁃methylation and pseudouridylation,respectively.Recent studies have found that snoRNAs also affect the alternative splicing of mRNA precursors(pre⁃mRNA),mediate gene silencing by generating miRNA,and interact with proteins to regulate their functional activity.The process of DNA damage and repair always serves as a pivotal biological basis in research on the biological effects of ionizing radiation.Currently,there are rather limited studies on the role of snoRNAs in ionizing radiation⁃induced DNA damage.Thus,this paper reviews the biological functions of snoRNAs and their potential role in the regulatory repair of ionizing radiation⁃induced DNA damage,with a view to providing new ideas for exploring the function and mechanism of snoRNAs.

关 键 词：核仁小RNA 电离辐射 DNA损伤反应 

分 类 号：R818[医药卫生—放射医学]