不同植被类型红树林沉积物海洋线虫群落的比较——以东寨港红树林自然保护区为例  

Comparison of Marine Nematode Communities in Mangrove Sediments from Different Vegetation Forms:A Case Study in the Dongzhaigang Mangrove Nature Reserve

作　　者：张德梅 慕芳红[1] 张烨 宋迎春 李诗川 华尔[1] Zhang Demei;Mu Fanghong;Zhang Ye;Song Yingchun;Li Shichuan;Hua Er(College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve Authority,Haikou 571129,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]海南东寨港国家级自然保护区管理局,海南海口571129

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第7期30-41,共12页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41976100)资助。

摘　　要：为探究不同植被类型红树林海洋线虫群落特征的差异及原因,本研究于2020年11月,在海口东寨港红树林自然保护区选择5种植被类型的红树林,对各红树植被类型下沉积物海洋线虫群落结构及多样性进行研究。结果表明,本研究中所有采样点的海洋线虫总平均丰度为(31.3±14.6) ind./cm^(2),其中白骨壤林海洋线虫平均丰度最高((55.5±4.9) ind./cm^(2)),海莲和尖瓣海莲混交林的平均丰度最低((24.4±13.8) ind./cm^(2))。共鉴定海洋线虫24科54属74种,且不同红树植被类型下海洋线虫的群落结构存在差异。聚类分析和非度量多维度分析结果将海洋线虫群落划分为5组,基本代表了5种植被类型的沉积物中海洋线虫群落。同时,海洋线虫群落物种数S、丰富度指数d、均匀度指数J、香农维纳多样性指数H′和优势度指数D在不同植被类型群落间具有显著差异,具体表现如下:榄李、混交林和角果木林海洋线虫群落丰度低且多样性低,以海绕线虫属(Haliplectus)和微口线虫属(Terschellingia)为优势属,以有机碎屑为食的沉积食性海洋线虫为主,其中特化的选择性沉积食性者占比极高(>60%);白骨壤和红海榄林沉积物中的海洋线虫丰度高且多样性高,分别以裸口线虫属(Anoplostoma)、微口线虫属(Terschellingia)和拟齿线虫属(Parodontophora)为优势属;选择性沉积食性者占比低(<23%),非选择性沉积食性者和刮食者均占比高,为优势摄食类型。通过PRIMER 6.0软件中的模块BIOENV进行生物与环境连接的逐步分析和相关检验的结果表明,沉积物分选系数和叶绿素a含量是解释研究区域线虫群落物种组成差异的最佳参数组合。同时,红树植被类型的差异同东寨港海洋线虫群落结构及多样性的变化具有密切关系。In order to explore the variations and causes of nematode community structure and diversity in different mangrove forests,free living marine nematode samples were collected from five mangrove forests with different vegetation forms in Dongzhaigang Mangrove Nature Reserve.The results showed that the total mean abundance of marine nematodes at all sampling points in this study was(31.3±14.6)ind./cm^(2).The mean abundance of marine nematodes in the forest of Avicennia marina was the highest(55.5±4.9)ind./cm^(2),while it was the lowest in the mingled forest of Bruguiera sexangula and B.sexangula var.rhynchopetala,with an average abundance of(24.4±13.8)ind./cm^(2).A total of 74 species of nematodes belonging to 54 genera in 24 families were identified in the study area.Species composition of the marine nematode communities collected form different mangrove vegetation forms differed significantly.The results of CLUSTER and NMDS analysis distinguished five groups,representing five communities from different vegetation forms.Meanwhile,richness index,evenness index,Shannon-Wiener diversity index and dominance index differed significantly among them.The marine nematode communities in the forest of Lumnitzera racemosa,the mingled forest and the forest of Ceriops tagal were characterized by low abundance and low diversity.In addition,deposit feeders were the dominant feeding type,especially the selective deposit feeders accounted for a high proportion(>60%)in these communities.The dominant genera of these communities were Haliplectus and Terschellingia.The abundance and diversity indices of marine nematodes were high in the forest of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora stylosa.A small amount of selective deposit feeders was found there(<23%),while the proportions of non-selective deposit feeders and epigrowth feeders were high.Anoplostoma,Terschellingia and Parodontophora were the dominant genera in the forest of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora stylosa respectively.The results of BIOENV analysis showed that sediment sorting c

关 键 词：东寨港 红树林 海洋线虫 群落结构 多样性 

分 类 号：Q142[生物学—生态学] Q145[生物学—普通生物学] Q958