温度对大菱鲆幼鱼蛋白质需求、生长和代谢的影响  

Effect of Temperature on Protein Requirement,Growth and Metabolism of Juvenile Turbot

作　　者：崔业楠 王旋[1] 周慧慧[1] 刘成栋 麦康森[1] 何艮[1] Cui Yenan;Wang Xuan;Zhou Huihui;Liu Chengdong;Mai Kangsen;He Gen(Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第7期139-148,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2018YFD0900400);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-47-G10)资助。

摘　　要：为探究大菱鲆养殖中因水温变化引起的蛋白需求变化问题,本研究以养殖的大菱鲆幼鱼(Scophthalmus maximus L.)为实验对象。在室内可控温循环水养殖系统中开展摄食、生长实验,探讨不同水温(15、18和21℃)下大菱鲆幼鱼((8.00±0.25) g)的蛋白质需求。研究显示,基于特定生长率(SGR)的折线回归分析表明,15、18和21℃水温下大菱鲆幼鱼的最适蛋白需求量分别为饲料干物质的49.16%、50.07%和55.83%。15和18℃水温下大菱鲆幼鱼的生长指标随饲料中蛋白水平的升高而升高,饲料中蛋白水平为50%时生长指标达到峰值,21℃水温下饲料中蛋白水平为55%时生长指标达到峰值。随着饲料中蛋白水平的升高,大菱鲆幼鱼的表观消化率(ADC)、肠道胰蛋白酶活性(Try)和血浆总游离氨基酸含量(TAAs)也发生了显著变化。在15℃水温下大菱鲆幼鱼ADC随饲料中蛋白水平的升高而升高,18℃水温下饲料中蛋白水平为55%时ADC达到峰值,21℃水温下饲料中蛋白水平为50%时ADC达到峰值。在15℃水温下大菱鲆幼鱼肠道Try随饲料中蛋白水平的升高而升高,而在18和21℃水温下分别逐渐升高,至饲料中蛋白水平为50%和55%时肠道Try达到峰值。大菱鲆幼鱼TAAs在15和18℃水温下饲料蛋白水平为50%时达到峰值,21℃水温下饲料中蛋白水平为55%时达到峰值。研究结果表明,在一定范围内,大菱鲆幼鱼的蛋白质需求会随着养殖水温的升高而升高。In order to determine the change in protein requirement of turbot associating with the change in water temperature,in this study,we investigated the protein requirement of juvenile turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)at different water temperatures(15,18 and 21℃)by conducting feeding and growth experiments in an indoor temperature-controlled recirculating water culture system.The results showed that the optimum protein requirement of juvenile turbot at 15,18 and 21℃was 49.16%,50.07%and 55.83%of the dry matter in the diet,respectively.The growth index peaked at 50%and 55%protein in the feed at 21℃.The apparent digestibility(ADC),intestinal trypsin activity(Try)and total plasma free amino acids(TAAs)of juvenile turbot also changed significantly with the increase of protein in diet.The ADC of juvenile turbot increased with the increase of protein in diet at 15℃,peaked at 55%protein in diet at 18℃,and at 50%protein in diet at 21℃.The ADC of juvenile turbot increased with the increase of protein in diet at 15℃,and peaked at 55%protein in diet at 18℃and at 50%protein in diet at 21℃.The intestinal Try of juvenile turbot increased with the protein in feed at 15℃,and peaked at 50%and 55%protein in feed at 18 and 21℃,respectively.In addition,the TAAs of juvenile turbot peaked at 50%protein in feed at 15 and 18℃,and at 55%protein in feed at 21℃.Our findings suggested that the protein requirement of juvenile turbot increases with water temperature within a certain range.

关 键 词：大菱鲆 蛋白需求 水温 生长 

分 类 号：S963.731[农业科学—水产养殖]