饲料中添加发酵浒苔对黑棘鲷生长、非特异性免疫及肠道消化酶活性的影响  

Effects of Fermented Enteromorpha prolifera Powder on Growth Performance,Non-Specific Immunity and Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activity of Acanthopagrus schlegelii

作　　者：胡晓伟 刘龙晖 陈强[1,2] 李文静 黎中宝[1,2] Hu Xiaowei;Liu Longhui;Chen Qiang;Li Wenjing;Li Zhongbao(Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第7期159-168,共10页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目农业引导性(重点)项目(2020N0013);福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01638)资助。

摘　　要：为探究发酵浒苔(Enteromorpha prolifera)对黑棘鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)生长、非特异性免疫和肠道消化酶活性的影响。本实验将浒苔发酵后,按比例(0%、2.0%、3.5%、5.0%、6.5%、8.0%)梯度添加到黑棘鲷基础饲料中;将360尾鱼随机分为6组,饲喂各组对应饲料28 d后,采集相关样品并测量生长指标、非特异性免疫相关指标和肠道消化酶活性。研究显示:添加2.0%、3.5%和5.0%的发酵浒苔显著提高了黑棘鲷增重率和特定生长率(P<0.05),其中,增重率分别提高了17.6%、20.6%和24.3%。在浒苔添加量为2.0%和5.0%时饵料系数显著降低(P<0.05),分别降低了18.8%和16.3%;发酵浒苔的添加降低了总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量,其中,全体添加组TC含量显著降低(P<0.05),2.0%和8.0%的添加量显著降低了T G含量(P<0.05),2.0%、3.5%和8.0%的添加量显著降低了LDL-C含量(P<0.05);2.0%和3.5%的添加量显著提高了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量(P<0.05);此外,添加2.0%发酵浒苔显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性,添加3.5%和5.0%发酵浒苔显著提高了过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P<0.05),且所有添加组中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、肠道淀粉酶(AMS)(除添加8.0%浒苔)和脂肪酶(LPS)活性显著提高(P<0.05)。研究结果显示,饲料中添加发酵浒苔能够提高黑棘鲷的生长性能、非特异性免疫能力及肠道消化酶活力,且能够改善黑棘鲷的的血脂,推荐发酵浒苔的适宜添加量为3.5%~5.0%。In this study,we intended to explore the effects of fermentation Enteromorpha prolifera on the growth,non-specific immunity and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of Acanthopagrus schlegelii.E.prolifera was fermented and added to the basal diet of A.schlegelii in a gradient ratio of 0%,2.0%,3.5%,5.0%,6.5%and 8.0%,respectively.A total of 360 fish individuals were randomly divided into 6 groups.After feeding the corresponding diets for 28 days,the samples were collected and growth indexes,non-specific immune-related indexes and intestinal digestive enzyme activities were measured.The results showed that supplementation of 2.0%,3.5%and 5.0%E.prolifera significantly increased the weight gain rate(WG)and specific growth rate(SGR)(P<0.05)while supplementation of 2.0%and 5.0%E.prolifera significantly decreased the feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P<0.05).Specifically,the WG increased by 17.6%,20.6%and 24.3%and the FCR decreased by 18.8%and 16.3%,respectively.The addition of fermented E.prolifera decreased the contents of total cholesterol(TC)(P<0.05),triglyceride(TG)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and decreased the contents of TC in all addition groups(P<0.05).The TG content was significantly decreased by 2.0%and 8.0%E.prolifera supplementation(P<0.05).LDL-C content was significantly decreased by 2.0%,3.5%and 8.0%E.prolifera supplementation(P<0.05).Supplementation of 2.0%and 3.5%significantly increased the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)(P<0.05).In addition,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)was significantly increased in all addition group(P<0.05).The activities of alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and catalase(CAT)in serum and the activities of intestinal amylase and lipase were significantly increased by fermented E.prolifera supplementation(P<0.05).In conclusion,fermented E.prolifera can improve the growth performance,non-specific immune capacity and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of A.schlegelii,and has the effect of improving blood lipid.The appropriate addition amount between

关 键 词：发酵浒苔 黑棘鲷 生长性能 非特异性免疫 消化酶 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]