基于图像比对的螺纹牙形补偿量算法研究  

Research on Algorithm of Thread Contour Compensation Based on Image Comparison

作　　者：余智超 陈曼龙[1,2] 林葵 燕立志 景敏[1,2] 姚小敏[1,2] YU Zhichao;CHEN Manlong;LIN Kui;YAN Lizhi;JING Min;YAO Xiaomin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学机械工程学院,汉中723000 [2]陕西理工大学陕西省工业自动化重点实验室,汉中723000

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2024年第6期54-57,61,共5页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关计划项目(2022SF-469)。

摘　　要：为研究牙形失真对螺纹参数测量精度的影响,在分析现有螺纹牙形失真量计算方法的基础上,提出了一种基于机器视觉螺纹牙型角和中径的补偿量算法。将螺纹参数一致的没有螺旋升角的螺纹环槽与有螺旋升角的螺纹塞规图片进行比对,获取螺纹牙型角补偿量,再利用几何关系计算出相应螺纹牙的中径补偿量。经过研究发现,螺纹大径处螺旋升角相同的一系列螺纹产生的牙侧角误差基本一致,且随着螺旋升角的增大,牙侧角误差也随之增大。以螺纹塞规为对象进行对比实验,数据表明采用所提方法获得补偿后的牙型角平均值为59.999°和补偿后的中径平均值为18.290 mm与接触式螺纹综合测量仪所测牙型角平均值60.015°和中径平均值18.326 mm接近,且补偿后的牙型角方差7.76×10^(-5)与中径方差8.65×10^(-4)均小于综合测量仪所测牙型角方差3.38×10^(-3)和中径方差8.55×10^(-3)。结果表明,所提出的补偿算法可行。To study the influence of tooth shape distortion on the measurement accuracy of thread parameters,a compensation amount algorithm based on machine vision of thread tooth angle and median diameter is proposed based on the analysis of existing methods for calculating the amount of thread tooth distortion.A threaded annular groove without a helical lift angle with the same thread parameters was compared with a picture of a threaded plug gauge with a helical lift angle to obtain the compensation amount of thread tooth angle,and then the corresponding compensation amount of the mid-diameter of the threaded tooth was calculated using the geometric relationship.An in-depth study revealed that a series of threads with the same spiral lift angle at the large diameter of the thread produced the same tooth flank angle error,and as the spiral lift angle increased,the tooth flank angle error also increased.The data showed that the mean value of 59.999°and the mean value of 18.290 mm were close to the mean value of 60.015°and the mean value of 18.326 mm measured by the contact thread gauge.The compensated variance of 7.76×10^(-5) and 8.65×10^(-4) is smaller than the variance of 3.38×10^(-3) and 8.55×10^(-3) measured by the comprehensive measuring instrument,and the results show that the proposed compensation algorithm is feasible.

关 键 词：牙形失真 机器视觉 牙型角 中径 补偿 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG71[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具]