基于接触区齐次变换的球头铣削力预报与分析  

Prediction and Analysis of Ball-End Milling Force for Cutter-Workpiece Engagement Based on Homogeneous Transformation

作　　者：蒋建华 胡腾 王小虎 龚熙裕 张永胜 JIANG Jianhua;HU Teng;WANG Xiaohu;GONG Xiyu;ZHANG Yongsheng(Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;Sichuan Science and Technology Resource Sharing Service Platform of Oil and Gas Equipment Technology,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学,成都610500 [2]石油天然气装备技术四川省科技资源共享服务平台,成都610500

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2024年第8期92-98,104,共8页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(19ZDZX0055)。

摘　　要：精准求解球头铣刀-工件接触区(Cutter-workpiece engagement,CWE)已成为研究其力学行为的关键问题。现有球头CWE的求解方法存在效率低、通用性不佳和工程适用性不强等局限性。为此,本文提出一种基于齐次变换矩阵的CWE求解方法并借此实现球头铣削力预报和分析。首先,以铣削过程的几何特性分析为切入点,构建无倾角CWE解析方程组;然后,从多体系统理论的视角出发,通过齐次变换方法将球头铣姿态参数表征为坐标矩阵,由此推导出其在任意姿态下的解析表达式,进而将铣削过程时域离散化并对CWE内有效铣削刃及其演化过程进行分析。在此基础上,开展球头铣削力测试试验来检验该求解方法与铣削力分析的可靠性和精准性。研究结果表明,所提CWE求解方法可在较大程度上简化求解过程,且对铣削力的预报可靠、精准性高;前倾角或侧倾角的增大会减少切削刃在铣削周期中的铣削时间,并使得铣削周期内的平均铣削力降低;采用较小的前倾角时可获得较大的铣削力。Accurately solve the cutter–workpiece engagement(CWE)of ball-end milling has become a key problem for its mechanical behavior.In view of the limitations of the existent CWE solution methods of ball-end milling,such as low efficiency,poor universality and weak engineering applicability,a CWE solution method based on homogeneous transformation matrix is proposed to realize its prediction and analysis.Firstly,in light of the analysis of geometric characteristics in milling process,the analytical equations of vertical CWE are deduced;Then,from the perspective of multi-body system theory,the milling posture parameters of ball-end milling are characterized as coordinate matrix by homogeneous transformation method,and its analytical expression under any posture is derived.Besides,the milling process is discretized in time domain to analyze the effective milling edge and its evolution process in CWE.On this basis,the experiment for ball-end milling force is carried out to verify the reliability and accuracy of the solution method and milling force analysis.The results show that the proposed method can simplify the solution process of CWE,and the prediction of milling force is reliable and accurate;The increase of rake angle or roll angle will reduce the milling time of cutting edge and reduce the average milling force in the milling cycle;A larger milling force can be obtained with a smaller rake angle.

关 键 词：球头铣 铣刀-工件接触区(CWE) 齐次变换 铣削力 变姿态 

分 类 号：TG54[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]