三峡库区消落带植物群落及其功能性状对水淹强度的响应  

Responses of plant communities and their functional traits in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area to different flooding intensities

作　　者：程莅登 袁兴中[1,2] 孙阔 唐婷 袁嘉[1,2] CHENG Lideng;YUAN Xingzhong;SUN Kuo;TANG Ting;YUAN Jia(Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Research Center for Ecological Restoration and Control of Water Level Fluctuating Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学三峡库区消落区生态修复与治理研究中心,重庆400044

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第11期4795-4807,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52178031);中央高校基本科研业务费(2021CDJQYJC005)。

摘　　要：植物功能性状能表征其对资源的利用能力和对外界环境的响应,而水淹强度的不同使得三峡库区消落带不同高程的生境存在较大差异,因此开展不同水淹梯度下消落带植物群落生态策略及功能性状差异的研究,对全面理解植物对消落带不同生境的适应机理具有重要意义。研究选取受三峡水库水位变化影响的澎溪河流域,沿高程梯度对不同水淹强度下的植物群落及其功能性状指标进行分析。结果表明:(1)消落带植物群落处于演替的初级阶段,不同水淹梯度下的植物群落存在显著分化;(2)环境胁迫是决定消落带植物生态策略的主要因素,总体呈现较为集中的耐压策略,随着高程升高有逐渐向杂草策略转移的趋势;(3)随着高程升高,植物的高度、主茎干物质量、比根长及叶组织密度都有增大的趋势,比叶面积则相反。(4)各功能性状之间存在显著相关性,并通过形成不同的性状组合以适应不同强度水淹干扰的生境。消落带下部更倾向于投资于叶片使植物在出露期能快速获取资源和完成生活史,而消落带上部则更倾向于投资防御组织及根系以抵御干旱,研究结果可为消落带生物多样性保护及其生态系统修复提供理论依据。Functional traits of plants determine their capacity to utilize resources and respond to the external environment.The water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area exhibits significant variations in habitats at different elevations due to various flooding intensities.Therefore,conducting research on the ecological strategies and differences in functional traits of plant communities in the water-level fluctuation zone under different flooding gradients is crucial.This research will provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms howplants adapt to diverse habitats in the water-level fluctuation zone.In this study,we selected the Pengxi River basin,which is affected by changes in water levels due to the Three Gorges Reservoir.We analyzed the plant communities and their functional trait indexes under varying intensities of flooding along the elevation gradient.The results showed that:(1)the plant communities in the water-level fluctuation zone were in the primary stage of succession and there was significant differentiation of plant communities under different flooding gradients.(2)Environmental stress was the main factor determining the ecological strategy of the plants in the water-level fluctuation zone,which showed a more concentrated S-type strategy in general,and there was a trend of gradual transition to a R-type strategy as the elevation increased.(3)With the increase of elevation,the plant′s height,the stem dry mass content,specific root length,and leaf tissue density tended to increase,while the specific leaf area decreased.(4)The functional traits were significantly correlated with each other and adapted to habitats with varying intensities of flooding disturbance by forming unique combinations of traits.On the one hand,the lower part of the water-level fluctuation zone was more likely to allocate resources to leaf production,allowing plants to rapidly acquire resources and complete their life history during the emergence period.On the other hand,the upper part tended to invest

关 键 词：消落带 水淹强度 植物群落 功能性状 竞争-耐压-杂草生态策略 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]